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Empire > 3 > Flashcards

3 Flashcards

1
Q

What economic system did Britain use in the first half of the 19th century?

A

Protectionist

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2
Q

What was protectionism replaced by?

A

Free trade

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3
Q

Which colonies did the worst out of free trade?

A

Dependent ones - India

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4
Q

Between 1880 and 1914 what % of British overseas investment went to the Empire?

A

25%

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5
Q

Between 1887 and 1913 what % total overseas investment went to Africa, India and the dominions?

A

6%, 10%, 22%

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6
Q

In the third quarter of 19th century what percentage of British imports came from their colonies?

A

20%

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7
Q

What percentage of British exports went to the Empire during the same time period?

A

1/3

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8
Q

What technological improvements were made which helped the growth in trade?

A

Railways, steamships, underwater cables, telegraph lines

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9
Q

Why did the British government change its attitudes towards Chartered Companies in the 1870s?

A

Great Depression, faced challenges from Europe and America to its economic dominance

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10
Q

What year did the North Borneo trading company receive a charter?

A

1881

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11
Q

What goods were traded in Borneo?

A

Coal, iron, copper, tobacco, coffee

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12
Q

Who was the leader of the Royal Niger Company?

A

George Goldie

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13
Q

What was the main product of this company?

A

Palm oil

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14
Q

When did the Royal Niger Company receive charter?

A

1886

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15
Q

What was the company which operated in East Africa?

A

Imperial British East Africa Company

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16
Q

Who was the leader of the IBEAC?

A

William McKinnon

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17
Q

When did the IBEAC receive charter?

A

1888

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18
Q

What was the chartered company in South Africa?

A

South Africa Company

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19
Q

Who was the leader of the South Africa Company?

A

Cecil Rhodes

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20
Q

How did Rhodes make his money?

A

Diamonds

21
Q

When did the South Africa Company receive charter?

A

1889

22
Q

What was the name of the country in India?

A

East India Company

23
Q

What country in East Africa was taken due to pressure from the East Africa Company?

A

Uganda

24
Q

When did Rhodes become PM of the Cape Colony?

A

1890

25
Q

What things made up the infrastructure of British colonial trade?

A

Shipping, railway, canals

26
Q

What type of ship was initially used?

A

Clipper

27
Q

What was the disadvantage of clipper ships?

A

Short life expectancy - 20 yrs

28
Q

What ship was used for heavy goods?

A

Steamships

29
Q

What Canal was built in Canada in the 1867?

A

Welland Canal

30
Q

What name was given to the Indians transported to work in the West Indies?

A

Coolies

31
Q

What products did Britain export from tropical Africa?

A

Sugar, coffee, cocoa, groundnuts, palm oil

32
Q

What products were mined in Africa?

A

Diamonds, gold, tin, copper

33
Q

What year was gold discovered in the Witwatersrand?

A

1886

34
Q

When was the Imperial Federation League formed?

A

1884

35
Q

When did Britain account for half world’s trade in textiles and manufactured goods?

A

1870

36
Q

In 1861-65 economic growth rose from 1.7% to what?

A

3.6%

37
Q

How much did exports of cotton increase from 978m yards to in 1870s?

A

3,573m yards

38
Q

By how much did the number of coal miners increase by from 216,000 in 1850 to 1873?

A

465,000

39
Q

The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 led to the development of what?

A

Triple expansion steam engine

40
Q

After 10 mines closed in Cornwall how many workers moved?

A

30,000

41
Q

When did the Kimberley Diamond Syndicate form?

A

1890

42
Q

When gold was discovered in 1851 in NSW how much was produced?

A

£25m

43
Q

How much gold did Victoria produce in 1866?

A

£124m worth - 1/3 world production

44
Q

How much British investment went to imperial territories?

A

40%

45
Q

What was India’s army in 1857?

A

275,000

46
Q

What did the North Borneo Trading Company receive in 1881?

A

Charter

47
Q

When did the British East Africa Company form?

A

1888

48
Q

When did the British South Africa Company form?

A

1889

49
Q

What was set up in 1884 to promote unity?

A

Imperial Federation League

Empire (24 decks)

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