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Empire > 1 > Flashcards

1 Flashcards

1
Q

What were the reasons for British expansion?

A

Economic, personal influence, strategic, moral

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2
Q

When did Britain suffer from the Great Depression?

A

1873-1896

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3
Q

Who visited Africa in 1858 and said ‘to try and make an open path for commerce and Christianity’?

A

David Livingstone

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4
Q

By what year had most of Africa been mapped by?

A

1857

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5
Q

When did Britain acquire Basutoland and establish a protectorate?

A

1868

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6
Q

When did Britain acquire Griqualand West and establish a settlement?

A

1873

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7
Q

What year did Britain occupy the Transvaal?

A

1877

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8
Q

When did Britain acquire Zululand and establish a protectorate?

A

1879

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9
Q

When did Britain acquire Egypt (and Sudan) by establishing a client state?

A

1882

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10
Q

The end of the empire on the American continent sent the British on what?

A

“Swing to the East”

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11
Q

From what century had British merchants traded with West Africa?

A

1500s

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12
Q

What products did Britain buy from West Africa?

A

Gold and ivory

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13
Q

When did Britain outlaw the slave trade?

A

1807

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14
Q

What goods were sought from Africa in the 2nd half of the 19th century?

A

Coal, iron and timber

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15
Q

Where were forts and coastal defences built?

A

Gold Coast, Sierra Leone and Gambia

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16
Q

Why was a colony established at the Cape?

A

Protected sea route to the East, temperate climate and deep water port

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17
Q

Who did Britain seize the Cape from?

A

Dutch

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18
Q

What was the purpose of the Empire according to missionaries?

A

Civilise world and spread Christian faith

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19
Q

When was the Congo River charted?

A

1867

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20
Q

What raw materials did explorers find in general?

A

Gold, palm oil and diamonds

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21
Q

When did explorers chart the Sahara?

A

1820

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22
Q

When was the lower Niger River chartered?

A

1830

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23
Q

When was the Zambezi River chartered?

A

1850s

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24
Q

Who chartered the Upper Nike?

A

Burton and Speke

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25
Q

Why was British interest in Egypt revived in the 1860s?

A

American Civil War meant there was a cotton shortage

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26
Q

Who was the initial Khedive of Egypt?

A

Isma’il Pasha

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27
Q

By 1870s what percent of Egypt’s imports were coming from Britain?

A

40%

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28
Q

What economic projects did Pasha implement?

A

Irrigation, railways, schools, street lighting

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29
Q

How many miles shorter was it to India through the Canal than the Cape route?

A

6,000 miles

30
Q

When was the Suez Canal Company set up?

A

1858

31
Q

When did Disraeli purchase shares in the Suez Canal?

A

1875

32
Q

How much value of shares did Disraeli purchase?

A

£4m

33
Q

Where did Disraeli get the £4 worth of shares from?

A

Loan from Rothschild family

34
Q

Why was the Suez Canal important?

A

Route to India

35
Q

When did Britain and France initiate dual control in Egypt?

A

1878

36
Q

What would Britain and France do under dual control?

A

Britain: Raise revenue, France: Raise expenditure

37
Q

When was Ismail Pasha deposed?

A

1879

38
Q

Who was the British Commissioner in Egypt when Pasha was deposed?

A

Lord Dufferin

39
Q

How much was the Egyptian army reduced by?

A

2/3

40
Q

When did dual control end?

A

1882

41
Q

What % did Britain own in Egypt?

A

44%

42
Q

Who was the leader of the nationalist movement?

A

Pasha

43
Q

When did the rioting in Alexandria occur

A

11 June 1882

44
Q

How many Europeans died in nationalist uprising?

A

50

45
Q

Where did the nationalist movement have success?

A

Kafr el-Dawwar

46
Q

Where were Arabi’s forces defeated?

A

Tel el-Kebir

47
Q

How long did the British victory at Tel el-Kebir last for?

A

Just over an hour

48
Q

Who was the Consul-General in Egypt?

A

Evelyn Baring

49
Q

Who was installed as the puppet ruler?

A

Tewfiq

50
Q

What was British rule known as in Egypt?

A

Veiled Protectorate

51
Q

What was the name given to the nationalist leader in Sudan?

A

Mahdi

52
Q

When did he proclaim himself Mahdi?

A

1881

53
Q

What does the title Mahdi mean?

A

Saviour of mankind

54
Q

Who was the British Colonel killed in Sudan 1883?

A

Hicks

55
Q

What was the name of the British general killed in Sudan?

A

General Gordon

56
Q

When was Sudan eventually taken over?

A

1896

57
Q

When did Britain acquire Southern Nigeria as a chartered company rule?

A

1884

58
Q

When did Britain establish British Somaliland as a protectorate by treaty?

A

1884

59
Q

When did Britain establish Bechuanaland as a protectorate by treaty?

A

1885

60
Q

When did Britain acquire Northen Nigeria by chartered company rule?

A

1885

61
Q

When did Britain acquire Gambia?

A

1888

62
Q

When did Britain acquire British East Africa by chartered company rule?

A

1888

63
Q

When did Britain acquire Uganda by chartered company rule?

A

1888

64
Q

When did Britain annex Lagos?

A

1861

65
Q

When did Britain become a Crown Colony after war against the Ashanti?

A

1874

66
Q

When did Khedive Ismail come to power?

A

1863

67
Q

When did the Suez Canal after 10 years of work?

A

1868

68
Q

How many Europeans living in Egypt?

A

100,000

69
Q

When was the Convention of London which secured an international loan for Egyptian government?

A

1885

70
Q

In what period did Britain take more than 75% of Egypts foreign trade and provide half its imports?

A

Mid 1880s

Empire (24 decks)

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