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Imhotep 2 > 3/29/16 > Flashcards

3/29/16 Flashcards

1
Q

Atropine is used in surgery to…

A

To suppress bronchiolar secretions (pre)

To prevent the muscarinic effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (post)

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2
Q

MELAS syndrome

A 
Mitochondrial myopathy
Encephalopathy
Lactic acidosis 
Stroke-like episodes
(presents in childhood as H/A, vomiting, muscle weakness, stroke)
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3
Q

Muscle wasting, wide-stepping gait, bilateral cataracts

A 
Myotonic dystrophy (AD) 
CTG repeat
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4
Q

Organophosphate poisoning (DUMBBELSS)

A 
Urination 
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Excitation 
Lacrimation 
Sweating
Salivation 
(Tx: Pradlidoxime dephosphorylates the acetylcholinesterase and reactivates it)
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5
Q

Echothiophate

A

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

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6
Q

Griseofulvin, albendazole, mebendazole, and colchicine MOA

A

Interrupting microtubule function (also vincristine, vinblastine, and paclitaxel)
M-phase (specifically prophase)

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7
Q

PMR and temporal arteritis combo

A

New onset of headaches, jaw pain, and muscle aches

Fever, weight loss, scalp tenderness, vision loss, increased ESR

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8
Q

Ego defenses such as projection are unconscious mental processes used to resolve conflict and prevent undesirable feelings. An unacceptable internal impulse is attributed to an external source. While countertransference is…

A

resolve conflict and prevent undesirable feelings. An unacceptable internal impulse is attributed to an external source. While countertransference is…
when a provider projects own thoughts, feeling, past, or issues onto a patient.

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9
Q

ACS (myocardial ischemia) symptoms

A

Nausea, vomiting, SOB, diaphoresis

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10
Q

Zidovudine ADRs

A

Megaloblastic anemia

Peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis

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11
Q

Spastic paraplegia (hereditary spastic paraplegia) is a motor disorder so damage is in

A

Corticospinal tract (contains motor neurons)

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12
Q

WDHA syndrome

A

AKA VIPomas
Watery diarrhea (increased sodium secretion via VIP)
Hypokalemia (VIP stimulated potassium secretion into colon)
Achlorhydria (VIP inhibits gastric acid secretion/increases pH)

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13
Q

Insulinomas (islet cell tumor) and Whipple triad

A

Hypoglycemia, mental status changes and other hypoglycemic symptoms, Relief of symptoms upon glucose administration

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14
Q

Processing of extracellular pathogens

A

MHCII (one beta and one alpha subunit)?

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15
Q

Causes of thombocytosis (over production of platelets)

A 
Myeloproliferative disorders 
Essential thrombocytosis 
IDA
Inflammation 
Asplenia
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16
Q

Location of glucokinase

A

Liver and pancreatic beta cells (no feedback inhibition)

Can take up and phosphorylate glucose at higher concentrations than peripheral tissues

17
Q

Hypertensive emergency Tx

A

Fenoldopam-Dopamine D1 receptor agonist

Nitroprusside- Increases cGMP via direct release of NO

18
Q

Ziprasidone ADRs

A

QT prolongation

Malignant ventricular arrhythmias

19
Q

Patients with Galactosemia lack the enzyme _____________________ which converts galactose-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate. The absence of this enzyme leads’ to increased galactose-1-phosphate and galactitol.

A

G1PUR (galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase)

20
Q

Name some drugs that cause SLE-like syndrome

A 
Hydralazine
Procainamide 
Isoniazid
Chlorpromazine
Penicillamine
Sulfasalazine 
Methyldopa
Quinidine
21
Q

Air-crescent sign

A

Invasive Aspergillosis (common in neutropenic patients: AIDS, glucocorticoids, CGD, etc.)

22
Q

Kulchitsky cells

A

Dark blue cells seen is SCLC

23
Q

SCLC para-neoplastic syndromes

A

Lambert-Eaton
Cerebellar degeneration
SIADH
Cushing’s

24
Q

First-order elimination, the rate of elimination is proportional to __________.
In Zero order a _______ amount of drug is eliminated per unit of time

A

1) the drug concentration

2) constant

25
Q

A drug originally used for antiviral against influenza that can now be used as a dyskinetic treatment for Parkinson disease

A

Amantadine

Imhotep 2 (9 decks)

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