3/29/16 Flashcards
Atropine is used in surgery to…
To suppress bronchiolar secretions (pre)
To prevent the muscarinic effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (post)
MELAS syndrome
Mitochondrial myopathy Encephalopathy Lactic acidosis Stroke-like episodes (presents in childhood as H/A, vomiting, muscle weakness, stroke)
Muscle wasting, wide-stepping gait, bilateral cataracts
Myotonic dystrophy (AD) CTG repeat
Organophosphate poisoning (DUMBBELSS)
Urination Miosis Bronchospasm Bradycardia Excitation Lacrimation Sweating Salivation (Tx: Pradlidoxime dephosphorylates the acetylcholinesterase and reactivates it)
Echothiophate
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Griseofulvin, albendazole, mebendazole, and colchicine MOA
Interrupting microtubule function (also vincristine, vinblastine, and paclitaxel)
M-phase (specifically prophase)
PMR and temporal arteritis combo
New onset of headaches, jaw pain, and muscle aches
Fever, weight loss, scalp tenderness, vision loss, increased ESR
Ego defenses such as projection are unconscious mental processes used to resolve conflict and prevent undesirable feelings. An unacceptable internal impulse is attributed to an external source. While countertransference is…
resolve conflict and prevent undesirable feelings. An unacceptable internal impulse is attributed to an external source. While countertransference is…
when a provider projects own thoughts, feeling, past, or issues onto a patient.
ACS (myocardial ischemia) symptoms
Nausea, vomiting, SOB, diaphoresis
Zidovudine ADRs
Megaloblastic anemia
Peripheral neuropathy, lactic acidosis
Spastic paraplegia (hereditary spastic paraplegia) is a motor disorder so damage is in
Corticospinal tract (contains motor neurons)
WDHA syndrome
AKA VIPomas
Watery diarrhea (increased sodium secretion via VIP)
Hypokalemia (VIP stimulated potassium secretion into colon)
Achlorhydria (VIP inhibits gastric acid secretion/increases pH)
Insulinomas (islet cell tumor) and Whipple triad
Hypoglycemia, mental status changes and other hypoglycemic symptoms, Relief of symptoms upon glucose administration
Processing of extracellular pathogens
MHCII (one beta and one alpha subunit)?
Causes of thombocytosis (over production of platelets)
Myeloproliferative disorders Essential thrombocytosis IDA Inflammation Asplenia
Location of glucokinase
Liver and pancreatic beta cells (no feedback inhibition)
Can take up and phosphorylate glucose at higher concentrations than peripheral tissues
Hypertensive emergency Tx
Fenoldopam-Dopamine D1 receptor agonist
Nitroprusside- Increases cGMP via direct release of NO
Ziprasidone ADRs
QT prolongation
Malignant ventricular arrhythmias
Patients with Galactosemia lack the enzyme _____________________ which converts galactose-phosphate to glucose-1-phosphate. The absence of this enzyme leads’ to increased galactose-1-phosphate and galactitol.
G1PUR (galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase)
Name some drugs that cause SLE-like syndrome
Hydralazine Procainamide Isoniazid Chlorpromazine Penicillamine Sulfasalazine Methyldopa Quinidine
Air-crescent sign
Invasive Aspergillosis (common in neutropenic patients: AIDS, glucocorticoids, CGD, etc.)
Kulchitsky cells
Dark blue cells seen is SCLC
SCLC para-neoplastic syndromes
Lambert-Eaton
Cerebellar degeneration
SIADH
Cushing’s
First-order elimination, the rate of elimination is proportional to __________.
In Zero order a _______ amount of drug is eliminated per unit of time
1) the drug concentration
2) constant
A drug originally used for antiviral against influenza that can now be used as a dyskinetic treatment for Parkinson disease
Amantadine
