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Imhotep 2 > 3/20/16 > Flashcards

3/20/16 Flashcards

1
Q

One major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode without the presence of mixed or manic episodes

A

Bipolar II diagnosis

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2
Q

Low IgM, IgG, IgA (increased extracellular infections post 6 months of age) and ABSENCE or near absence of tonsils and adenoids.

A

Bruton X-linked agammaglobulinemia (H.Flu, GAS, Stept pneumonia)
Boy
B-lymphocyte problems
Bacterial infections

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3
Q

Are DiGeorge Syndrome patients more likely to get viral or bacterial infections?

A

Viral (lack of cell mediated immunity/ T-lymphocytes/ Absence of thymus)

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4
Q

Values for Emphysema (an obstructive disease)

A

FVC: Decreased
FEV1/FVC: Decreased (FEV1 drops more than FVC)
FRC: Increased
DLCO: Decreased

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5
Q

Restriction length fragment polymorphism analysis with southern blot is done when…

A

Child’s paternity test

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6
Q

Osteopetrosis vs. Paget’s

A

Paget’s has an elevated alkaline phosphatase
Both have normal calcium (sometimes high normal limit) and phosphate
Paget’s is in older and middle aged
Osteopetrosis is in children and adolescents

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7
Q

Peak height velocity (what tanner stage?)

A

Tanner Stage 3

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8
Q

Fibromuscular dysplasia affecting only the left kidney…what would the ultrasound show?

A

Left Kidney: Atrophy

Right kidney: Hypertrophy

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9
Q

Defienciency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (normally converts phenylalanine to tyrosine); phenylalanine accumulates

A

PKUUUU Stink (musty odor)
Intellectual disability
Failure to thrive
Require special diet that is rich in tyrosine and does not contain phenylalanine

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10
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma bone marrow graft (note not a stem cell cancer)

A

Autologous graft is the least likely to be rejected and most effective graft

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11
Q

Used to promote fistula healing, ankylosing spondylitis, RA, and refractory Crohn disease. Monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-a (interferes with inflammation)

A

Infliximab

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12
Q

Secondary hypocalcaemia and current viral or fungal (oral thrush) infection in pediatric patient

A

DiGeorge syndrome

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13
Q

Where in the lymph node are T-cells located

A

Paracortex

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14
Q

Adverse effects of long-term steroid use:

A 
HTN
Diabetes
Weight gain
Cataracts 
Adrenal suppression
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15
Q

Spontaneous pneumothorax is caused by…

A

Rupture of blebs (small, air-filled pockets within the visceral pleura)
Smoking, tall, thin, male = increased risk factors

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16
Q

Apolipoprotein A-II

A

Structural apolipoprotein of HDL

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17
Q

Where does sperm acquire motility? What is the cell lining?

A

Epididymis= pseudostratified columnar epithelium (ciliated?)

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18
Q

Baby with course facial features, developmental delay, restricted joint movement, claw hand deformity, etc.…

A

I-Cell disease

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19
Q

Name that age group (Key milestones): Sitting alone, standing with aide, crawling, waving bye-bye, and saying “mama/dada”.

A

7-11 month old

Stranger anxiety and Babinski persist till one year of age

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20
Q

Antihypertensive that comes in a transdermal patch formula and is an alpha-2 agonist

A

Clonidine

21
Q

Association with aniline dye exposure

A 
Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder
Textile industry (synthetic dyes)
22
Q

Esmolol

A

B1 blocker (cardioselective)

23
Q

Propranolol

A

Non-selective b1 and b2 blocker

Contraindicated in asthmatics

24
Q

Metoprolol

A

B1 blocker (cardioselective)

25
Q

Cold agglutinin IgM-mediated hemolytic anemia

A

IgM-mediated hemolytic anemia

Caused by antibiotics directed to RBCs and often follows leukemia or infection with EBV, Mycoplasma pneumonia, or HIV

26
Q

Warm agglutinin hemolytic anemia

A

Mediated by IgG antibodies

27
Q

MS optic neuritis

A

New-onset MS sudden loss of vision and eye pain

28
Q

Bupropion ADRs

A

Lower threshold of seizures (contraindicated in hypochloremia and hypokalemia)
Contraindicated in bulimia patients, anorexia, kidney disease and other electrolyte imbalances

29
Q

ACD Tx (besides correct underlying condition)

A

Erythropoietin is effective in treating especially cancer patients

30
Q

Rifampin mechanism of action

A

Inhibits bacterial RNA synthesis by binding the beta subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase→blocks transcription

31
Q

Acetaminophen toxicity presentation

A

Initially anorexia, N/V and malaise→can proceed to fulminant hepatic failure

32
Q

Mullerian ducts in the presence of MIF (Mullerian inhibiting factor) produced by Sertoli cells

A

Appendix testes

Prostatic utricle

33
Q

What do the Mullerian ducts develop into in a female?

A

Fallopian tubes, uterus, and the superior proximal part of the vagina

34
Q

Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis and Koplik spots

A

Paramyxovirus / Measles

35
Q

Upper motor lesion of CNVII

A

Patient can raise eyebrows and close his eyes tightly due to dual innervation from the contralateral facial nerve nucleus

36
Q

An inhibitor of dehydropeptidase-1, an enzyme of the brush border of PTC that metabolizes Imipenem; it is given with Imipenem to maintain serum levels and prevent nephrotoxicity

A

Cilastatin

37
Q

PTH-related hormone is associated with what neoplasms?

A

Squamous cell lung cancer
Breast cancer
Renal Cell carcinoma
Multiple myeloma

38
Q

Amiodarone ADRs

A

Hyperthyroidism
Hepatotoxicity
Pulmonary fibrosis

39
Q

What is associated with an increased risk of Goodpasture syndrome?
Hydrocarbon solvent exposure such as those in dry-cleaning industry and cigarette smoke

A

Tx- immunosuppressive drugs and plasmapheresis

40
Q

Dominant negative effect example

A

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

41
Q

Fatty Liver in alcoholics (look up picture)

A

Ethanol is broken down by alcohol dehydrogenase to acetaldehyde. NAD+ is reduced to NADH in this process.
Increased NADH:NAD+ ratio → inhibition fatty oxidation→ fatty changes in liver→ scarring and cirrhosis

42
Q

Stellate abscesses in lymph nodes

A

Cat-scratch disease

43
Q

Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn

A

Most commonly due to Vitamin K deficiency

Vitamin K = posttranscriptional carboxylation of factors II, VII, IX, X protein C and S

44
Q

2-7 days after birth child presents with gastrointestinal, intracranial, umbilical, mucosal, circumcisional, and/or cutaneous bleeding

A

Vitamin K deficiency (lack of free vitamin K in milk and intestinal flora that synthesize it)

45
Q

Taut form of hemoglobin

A

Deoxy form (low oxygen affinity state)

46
Q

Clozapine ADR (serious)

A

Agranulocytosis

47
Q

Where are penicillin-binding proteins located?

A

Inner cytoplasmic membrane

48
Q

Hereditary spastic paraplegia

A

AD AR and X-linked forms

Symmetrical, stepwise spasticity and weakness in the legs

Imhotep 2 (9 decks)

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