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YEAR 3 REVISION > 2nd Stage of Labour > Flashcards

2nd Stage of Labour Flashcards

1
Q

What should contractions be like in the 2nd stage?

A

4:10 lasting approx. 1 minute

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of delivery?

A
  1. Descent
  2. Flexion
  3. Internal rotation of head
  4. Crowning
  5. Extension of head
  6. Restitution
  7. Internal rotation of shoulders
  8. Lateral flexion
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3
Q

What are the 2 powers used to delivery the baby?

A
  1. Primary power (involuntary contractions)

2. Secondary power (voluntary urge to push)

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4
Q

What can delay/obstruct foetal descent?

A

A full bladder

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5
Q

What cardiovascular changes occur in 2nd stage?

A
  • Compression of the aorta and iliac arteries
  • Cardiac output increases due to adrenaline and shifts to upper extremities
  • Increased HR
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6
Q

What respiratory changes occur in 2nd stage?

A
  • Increased RR

- Hyperventilation common

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7
Q

What GI changes occur in 2nd stage?

A
  • Decreased motility and absorption
  • Delayed emptying time
  • Dehydration
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8
Q

What are the 2 phases of 2nd stage of labour?

A 
Passive = full dilation of cervix before involuntary expulsive contractions
Active = baby visible, expulsive contractions, full dilation, active maternal effort
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9
Q

What is the average duration of 2nd stage?

A

Primip = 2 hours
Multip = 1 hour
(after 1 hour of passive descent once fully dilated)

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10
Q

What are the recommended interventions for delayed 2nd stage?

A
  • Empty bladder
  • ARM
  • Synto
  • Position change
  • Instrumental delivery
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11
Q

What can cause a delay in labour?

A

3 Ps / 4 Fs

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12
Q

What are the 3 Ps?

A

Power (contractions)
Passages (pelvis)
Passenger (baby)

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13
Q

What are the 4 Fs?

A

Foetus
Faeces
Full bladder
Fibroids

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14
Q

What are some of the signs of delay/obstruction of labour?

A
  • Maternal concern
  • Contractions stopped
  • Lack of progress felt on VE
  • Haematuria
  • Bandl’s ring
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15
Q

What is a lotus birth?

A

Placenta is left attached to the baby until the cord separates naturally

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16
Q

What does APGAR stand for?

A 
A - Appearance
P- Pulse
G - Grimace
A - Activity
R - Resps

YEAR 3 REVISION (49 decks)

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