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Histopath > 2ND PRETEST > Flashcards

2ND PRETEST Flashcards

1
Q

The formic acid present in commercial 37-40% formaldehyde solutions may: *

a. Create formalin pigment
b. Precipitate hemosiderin
c. Enhance staining
d. Cause tissue shrinkage

A

a. Create formalin pigment

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2
Q

Carnoy solution is prepared with which of the following constituents? *

a. Glacial acetic acid, cedarwood oil, and chloroform
b. Chloroform, glacial acetic acid, and 70% alcohol
c. Absolute alcohol, chloroform, and picric acid
d. Absolute alcohol, chloroform, and glacial acetic acid

A

d. Absolute alcohol, chloroform, and glacial acetic acid

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3
Q

Improper preservation of tissue may be due to:

a. A delay in fixation
b. Rapid penetration of the fixing fluid
c. Prolonged storage in 70% alcohol following fixation
d. An 8-hour processing cycle

A

a. A delay in fixation

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4
Q

For good fixation, it is recommended that the tissue be no larger than:

a. 2 cm square and 1 - 2 mm thick
b. 2 cm square and 3 - 4 mm thick
c. 3 cm square and 1 - 2 mm thick
d. 3 cm square and 3 - 4 mm thick

A

b. 2 cm square and 3 - 4 mm thick

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5
Q

Bouin solution is prepared by combining picric acid with which of the following
constituents?
a. Absolute alcohol and glacial acetic acid
b. 37-40% formaldehyde and glacial acetic acid
c. 37-40% formaldehyde and 1n HCl
d. 95% alcohol and glacial acetic acid

A

b. 37-40% formaldehyde and glacial acetic acid

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6
Q

Which of the following groups is available as natural dyes?

a. aniline blue, auramine 0, brazilin
b. carmine, Congo red, crystal violet
c. eosin, indigo, and phloxine
d. hematoxylin, orcein, saffron

A

d. hematoxylin, orcein, saffron

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7
Q

Fixation of a piece of lung occurs when the fixative:

a. Penetrates and kills very slowly
b. Prevents autolysis and preserves tissue elements
c. Renders cell components soluble
d. Minimizes refractive index differences in tissue

A

b. Prevents autolysis and preserves tissue elements

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8
Q

The rate of fixation varies with the fixative and is also dependent upon the:

a. Grossing pathologist’s preference
b. Expected completion time of the report
c. Anticipated special stains
d. Temperature of fixative

A

d. Temperature of fixative

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9
Q

A POOR fixative can be defined as one that:

a. Neither shrinks nor swells tissue
b. Renders enzymes inactive
c. Penetrates tissue slowly
d. Maintains cellular relationships

A

c. Penetrates tissue slowly

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10
Q

To make a 10% formalin solution, how many mL of water should be added to 300 mL of 37-40% formaldehyde solution?

a. 900
b. 1200
c. 2700
d. 3000

A

c. 2700

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11
Q

Zenker solution is prepared by combining mercuric chloride with which of the following constituents?

a. Potassium dichromate and glacial acetic acid
b. Potassium permanganate and 10% buffered formalin
c. Potassium dichromate and sodium bisulfite
d. Potassium dichromate and 37-40% formaldehyde

A

a. Potassium dichromate and glacial acetic acid

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12
Q

A universal fixative which is used for routine purposes and which permits a broad spectrum of staining methods is: *

a. Zenker fluid
b. Zamboni solution
c. 10% neutral buffered formalin
d. Carnoy solution

A

c. 10% neutral buffered formalin

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13
Q

Which of the following fixatives is used for specimens to be mailed? *

a. 10% neutral buffered formalin
b. Bouin fluid
c. Helly fluid
d. Zenker fluid

A

a. 10% neutral buffered formalin

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14
Q

For the best preservation of staining properties during long term storage, tissues should be stored in:

a. Buffered formalin
b. 10% formol-saline
c. 70% ethanol
d. Formol-calcium

A

c. 70% ethanol

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15
Q

The primary function of a general-purpose fixative is:

a. Preservation of lipids
b. Stabilization of carbohydrates
c. Stabilization of proteins
d. Retention of bound water

A

c. Stabilization of proteins

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16
Q

An unknown pigment in a tissue section that can be bleached with a saturated alcoholic solution of picric acid is most likely:

a. Melanin
b. Mercury
c. Hemosiderin
d. Formalin

A

d. Formalin

17
Q

10% neutral buffered formalin is prepared with which of the following constituents?

a. Sodium phosphate monobasic, dibasic, and trihydrate
b. 37-40% formaldehyde, sodium phosphate monobasic and dibasic
c. 37-40% formaldehyde, sodium phosphate monobasic
d. 10% formaldehyde, sodium phosphate monobasic and dibasic

A

b. 37-40% formaldehyde, sodium phosphate monobasic and dibasic

18
Q

Chemical fixation of tissue begins at the:

a. Center and proceeds outward
b. Center and proceeds inward
c. Periphery and proceeds outward
d. Periphery and proceeds inward

A

d. Periphery and proceeds inward

19
Q

A fresh, unfixed liver biopsy can be held safely for a short time by placing it:

a. In a freezer
b. In saline-moistened gauze and then in a refrigerator
c. In physiological saline and keeping at room temperature
d. On dry filter paper in a covered Petri dish

A

d. On dry filter paper in a covered Petri dish

20
Q

10% formalin contains what percentage of formaldehyde?

a. 4
b. 10
c. 37
d. 100

A

a. 4

21
Q

A good fixative is one that:

a. Makes tissues more permeable to subsequent reagents
b. Preserves tissues in a manner which is not life-like
c. Enhances putrefaction
d. Does not harden tissues quickly

A

a. Makes tissues more permeable to subsequent reagents

22
Q

The breakdown of tissue by bacterial action is called:

a. Autolysis
b. Putrefaction
c. Denaturation
d. Oxidation

A

b. Putrefaction

23
Q

When neutral solutions of formalin are prepared by storing the solution over calcium or magnesium carbonate, the fluid drawn off for fixation promptly becomes:

a. acid
b. alkaline
c. amphoteric
d. polychromatic

A

a. acid

24
Q

Helly solution is prepared by combining mercuric chloride with which of the
following constituents? *
a. Potassium dichromate and glacial acetic acid
b. Potassium permanganate and 10% buffered formalin
c. Potassium dichromate and sodium bisulfite
d. Potassium dichromate and 37-40% formaldehyde

A

d. Potassium dichromate and 37-40% formaldehyde

25
Q

Formalin pigment is generally formed in tissues fixed in formalin when the pH: *

a. Rises above 6
b. Falls below 6
c. Is neutral
d. Is 7.2

A

b. Falls below 6

Histopath (8 decks)

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