2e- nuitrition in plants Flashcards
word eq for photosyntheis
carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen
balanced chem eq for photosunthesis
6CO^2 + 6H^2O –> C^6H^12O^6 + 6O^2
identify the energy changes in photosynthesis
light –> chemical
identidy teh reactants and products
reactants= water and carbon dioxide
products = glucose and oxygen
balanched word eq for photosyntheis
6 molecules of carbon dioxixe, 6 molecules of oxygen –> 6 molecules of oxygen and 1 molecule of glucose
write a methid to test a lleaf for starch and include any safety points
- boil water in a beaker and place the leaf inside for 1 minute (makes teh leaf softer and removes wax layer)
- turn the bunsen burner off (we are abt 2 use ethanol –> highly flammable.
- place the leaf into ethanol and put the boiling tube inot a beaker of bioling water until the leaf turns white. (removes chlorophyll so the leaf turns white).
- wash the leaf in boiling water ( ethanol does not react w/ iodine)
- flood the leaf w iodine on a white time and leave to dry. iodine = starch indicator, blue/ black = high starch present.
what are the orders of tissue in the cross section of a leaf.
cuticle, upper epidermis, palaside mesohpyll, spongy mesophyll, lower epidermis, cuticle, guard cell, stomata
what is an adaptiation
cell orgamnism = change in shapefor an increase in efficiency in f(x).
what is the adaptation of the cuticle (waxy layer)
waxy 2 stop the leaf from losing water from evaporating from sun.
upper epidermis
transparent 2 allow light to reach chloroplasts in the palaside cells, tissue is thin 2 keep palaaside layer close ti the top leaf.
palaside mesophyll
main site of photosyntheis
cells = thin and tall to increas sa for absorbing light.
large no. of chloroplasts = more photosynthetsis.
large vacuole = store water 2 be used for photosynthesis.
tissue = close to the top 2 absorb sunlight.
spongy mesophull
this tissue = gases 2 diffuse 2 the palaside layer
air spaces = 2 allow gas exchange.
lower epidermis
controls gas exchange and water loss
how to change shape to open holes called the stomata
will change shape 2 stop water loss
stomata = hole = gases to diffuse in and out of the leaf.
write a definition of a limiting factor
a factor in the env. that can change the rate of photosynthesis
what are limiting factors in phtoosyntehs
- carbon dioxide concentration
- light intensity
- temperature
explain why each lf affects the rop
- carbon dioxide concentration, provides more reactants for the reaction.
- temmperator effects the KE of enzymes
- the light intensity provides more energy for the reaction.
why do graphs levels of
bc lfs stop becoming lfs and other aspects.
write a method 2 investigate how light effects the rop
- fill a beaker w water ( this will absorb any heat energy and keep the temp the same throughout the experiment)
- cut a strand of pondweed fromn the plant ( length = same each time)
- pondweed into boiling tube that contains 1g/l of sodium hydrogen carbonate ( co2 concentartion constant)
- cute the stem of the pondweed underwater at an angle.
- put the lamp close to the pondweed for 5 mins.
6., move the lamp along a 1 meter ruler to adifferent lengths - count number of bubbles produced or collect the gas in a gas syringe
- calculate the rate of bubbles pper minute
design an experiment using corms- experiment of co2 concentration on the rop
C- change the concentration of CO
O- organism is teh same type of pondweed
R–3 times for each concentratuon
M- rate of photosyntehis, counting bubbles produced in 5 mins.,
S- same length of pondweed
S- same temp by using water bath around the plant.
S- same light intensity by using the same bulb at the same distance from the plant each time.
what mineral ions do plants need and why
- magnesium ions, needed to make chlorophyll, chlorophyll = essential for photosynthesis
- nitrate ions, source of nitrogen 2 make amino acids 2 build proteins .
what happens if there are no different ions
no magnesium ions = yellowing between veins of leaves (chlorosis)
no nitrate ions = stunted growth, and yellowing of leaves
