2c - biological molecules Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 3 main bio molecules?

A

carbohydrates, lipids and proteins

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2
Q

monomer for carbs?

A

monosaccharide ( glucose)

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3
Q

monomer for proteins?

A

amino acids (21 diff types)

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4
Q

monomer for lipids?

A

glycerol and fatty acids

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5
Q

monomer for nucleic acid?

A

nucleotides

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6
Q

elements for carbs

A

C, H , O

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7
Q

elements for lipids

A

C,H, O

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8
Q

elements for proteins

A

C, H, O, N, (somegimes P and S)

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9
Q

elements in nucleic acids

A

C, H, O, N, P

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10
Q

what is the use of carbs (3 main point)

A
  1. main energy source
  2. to carry chem reactions
  3. for movement
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11
Q

what are proetins? ( 3 points / concepts)

A

builiding blocks, polypeptides, amino acids combined

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12
Q

what are the use of portiens (4 points)

A
  1. to grow
  2. to repair damaged tissue
  3. can be used for energy (emergency, only if no lipids/carbs)
  4. break down food
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13
Q

which biological molecule if 1st priority for energy useage (list order)

A
  1. carb 2. lipid 3. protein
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14
Q

what is teh relation between amino acids and protiens

A

amino acids combined = proteins
proteins digested/broken down
amino acids = left

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15
Q

what are lipids ?

A

fats,

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16
Q

purpose of lipids? (5 points)

A
  1. provide energy ( a longer store of energy),
  2. keeps us warm by insulating
  3. protects our organs
  4. helps develop hormones
  5. form cell membranes
17
Q

rule for lipid molecule?

A

3 molecules of fatty acids (organic acids) + 1 molecule of gylcerol

18
Q

what are fatty acids know as

A

organic acids

19
Q

what happens to lipid molecules during digestion

A

break down into 2 parts:

  1. chain of 3 glycerols (vertical)
  2. 3 seperate chains of fatty acids (horizontol)
20
Q

what is the food test for starch

A

iodine solution (SIS)

21
Q

food test for glucose

A

benedicts solution (BeG)

22
Q

what is food test for protien

A

biuret reagent (BiP)

23
Q

what is food test for fats

A

ethanol emulsion (Fe)

24
Q

positive and negative reaction for startch?

A

+ blue/black
- –> yellow/brown

25
Q

+ and - colour results for glucose>

A

+ –> red
(some) –> orange
(small) –> yellow/green
- –> blue

26
Q

+ and - colour results for proteins

A

+ purple (deep)
- blue

27
Q

+ and - colour results for fats

A

+ –> white/cloudy layer
- –> clear

28
Q

most accurate food test ?

A

glsuocse b/c range of colours depending concentraton fo glucose

29
Q

summary of steps for SIS

A

food on white tile, iodine solution added, observe

30
Q

summary of steps for BeG

A

glucose –> tt, distilled water added, shake to dissolve glucose, Be added, tt–> waterbath & boil, bserve (OWNT WORK FOR SUCROSE –> not a reducing sugar)

31
Q

summary fo steps for FE

A

fat –> tt, ethanol added, shaken to dissolve oil, solution poaured into tt w cold water, observe percipiate/ emulsion.

33
Q

summary of steps for BeG

A

protein –> tt, distilled water added, shaken, birets added, obserbe

34
Q

lalla

A

lal