2a+b- level of organisation & cells

Question 1

5 levels of roganisation in order?

Answer 1

organ system –> organ –> tissue –> cells –> organelles

Question 2

what is an organasim

Answer 2

living thing that has an organaised structure and completes MR.C. GREN

Question 3

what is an organ system

Answer 3

a group of organs that work 2gether to complete a function or seriers of .

Question 4

what is an organ

Answer 4

a group of tissues that work 2gether to complete a function or seriers of

Question 5

what is a tissue

Answer 5

a group of cells that work 2gether to complete a function or seriers of

Question 6

what is a cell

Answer 6

the basic membrane bound of the body,

contains the fundamentals fro life ,

made of organelles

Question 7

what is an organelle

Answer 7

within cells

some = membrane bound (nucleus)

some arent= ribosomes

Question 8

what is in an animal cell ( 5 )

Answer 8

nucleus, cytolplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes, mitochondria

Question 9

what is a nucleus

Answer 9

controls all activities
carries genetic material for making new cells

Question 10

what is cytoplasm

Answer 10

liquid gel where most chem reactions take place

Question 11

what is cell membrane

Answer 11

controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell
selectively permeable membrane

Question 12

what is mitochondria

Answer 12

site or respiration, releases energy

Question 13

what are ribosomes

Answer 13

carry out proetin synthesis

(e.g. they help make enzymes, a very imp protein group

enzymes =-= control chem reactions in cytoplasm

Question 14

what are in a plant cell (8)

Answer 14

cell walls, chloroplasts, cell membrane, permanenet vacuole, mitochondria, ribosomes, nucleus, cytoplasm

Question 15

what is a cell wall

Answer 15

made up of tough cells (cellulose)
strengthens cells, providing support

Question 16

what are chloroplasts

Answer 16

• site of photosynthesis (NOT chlorophyll)
• contains green pigment (chlorophyll)
• chlorophyll -> absorbs light energy

Question 17

what is permanenet vacule?

Answer 17

• filled w cell sap
• stores= dissolved sugars, mineral ions and other solutes

Question 18

what are the 3 extras in plant cells?

Answer 18

vacuole, cell wall, chloroplasts

Question 19

what is the basic formula for calculating magnification, with actual size and image size all subjects.

Answer 19

M= I/A
A= I/M
I= AM

Question 20

what does M, I, A mean in the eq M= I/A

Answer 20

magnification= image size/ actual size

Question 21

steps to calculate magnification

Answer 21

1. find the largest length on cell,
2. convert to micro meters (1 mm = 1000pm )
3. use formula (I= AM)

Question 22

image size = 20 mm
actual size = 10,000 pm
magnification =?

Answer 22

x2 (20,000/10,000)

Question 23

image size = 200 mm
magnification = x 50
actual size = ?

Answer 23

4mm/4,000 pm

Question 24

actual size = 10 mm
magni = 5 x

Answer 24

50mm –> 5cm

Question 25

what are specialised cells

Answer 25

cells taht are adapted to specially fulfil their function, differentiation

Question 26

how are red blood cells specialsed?

Answer 26

fx = carry o2 around body 2 help tissues do respiration = bioconcave disc shape, ↑sa, ↑ O2 = no nucleus, ↑ space for o2 + haemoglobin = flexible 2 travel small spaces = protein called haemoglobin (binds O2 2 carry out)

Question 27

how are palaside cells specialised?

Answer 27

fx = 2 absorb light for photosynthesis = long and thin, ↑ sa exposed 2 light = ↑chloroplasts, 2 absorb more light