2B Pathology of the Stomach

Question 1

What are the effects of chronic gastritis on the stomach?

Answer 1

Atrophy of the gladular epithelium of the stomach

Question 2

What is the most common form of chronic gastritis?

Answer 2

Helicobacter pylori gastritis

Question 3

How does H. pylori survive in the stomach?

Answer 3

It produces the enzyme urease, which generates substances that neutralize the stomach’s acid and enable bacteria to survive

Question 4

Does H. pylori penetrate the gastric mucosa?

Answer 4

Yes!

Question 5

What is hiatal hernia?

Answer 5

Portion of stomach prolapses thru the diaphragmic or esophageal hiatus

Question 6

Women or men are more likely to have hiatal hernia?

Answer 6

Women

Question 7

What is a major predisposing factor for getting hiatal hernia?

Answer 7

Increased intra-abdominal pressure

Question 8

People with hiatal hernia are at an increased risk for what condition?

Answer 8

GERD

Question 9

In which part of the small intestine is the B12-IF complex absorbed?

Answer 9

Terminal ileum

Question 10

What are some oral manifestations of pernicious anemia?

Answer 10

Erythema and atrophy of the dorsal tongue

Question 11

Is survival possible with the stomach completely removed?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

What must a person w/o a stomach do?

Answer 12

Eat food in very small amounts and very frequently, take Vitamin B12 supplements, eat properly cleaned food

Question 13

What does peristalsis in reverse mean?

Answer 13

Vomiting (emesis)

Question 14

What are the consequences of vomiting?

Answer 14

Acid-base disorders, volume and electrolyte depletion, malnutrition, aspiration pneumonia

Question 15

What are the series of events that often lead to vomiting?

Answer 15

Nausea, retching (dry heaves), emesis (vomiting)

Question 16

Where is the commander in chief of vomiting?

Answer 16

Brain - bilateral vomiting centers

Question 17

Where is the chemoreceptor trigger zone?

Answer 17

Floor of the 4th ventricle