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AQA GCSE - Biology > 2.7 (P2) Genetic Variation > Flashcards

2.7 (P2) Genetic Variation Flashcards

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1
Q

What does sexual reproduction lead to?

A

Variation

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2
Q

How many chromosomes are in a human body cell?

A

46

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3
Q

How many pairs are in a human body cell?

A

23

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4
Q

How many chromosomes in a gamete?

A

23

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5
Q

What are the female chromosomes?

A

XX

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6
Q

What are the male chromosomes?

A

XY

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7
Q

What are some characteristics controlled by?

A

1 gene = 2 alleles

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8
Q

What is an allele?

A

A version of a gene

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9
Q

What can the allele do?

A

Control the development of a characteristic

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10
Q

What is a dominant allele?

A

Always expressed in the phenotype even if another allele if present

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11
Q

What is a recessive allele?

A

Only expressed in the phenotype in the absence of a dominant allele

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12
Q

What is the equation used to describe characteristics?

A

Genotype + environment -> phenotype

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13
Q

What is your genotype?

A

Genes an organism possess

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14
Q

What is your phenotype?

A

Observable characteristics

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15
Q

What is heterozygous?

A

An organism containing cells with 2 different alleles for 1 gene

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16
Q

What is homozygous?

A

An organism containing cells with 2 of the same alleles

17
Q

What is this…?

Aa

A

Heterozygous

18
Q

What is this…?

AA

A

Homozygous dominent

19
Q

What is this…?

aa

A

Homozygous recessive

20
Q

What is polydactyly caused by?

A

A dominant allele

21
Q

What is Polydactyly?

A

Having extra fingers or toes

22
Q

What is cystic fibrosis caused by?

A

A recessive allele

23
Q

What is cystic fibrosis?

A

A disorder of cell membranes causing thick, sticky mucus

24
Q

What is the process of checking unborn babies for genetic diseases?

A

Embryonic screening

25
Q

What molecules are chromosomes made up of?

A

DNA

26
Q

What phrase describes DNA?

A

Double helix

27
Q

What does a gene code for?

A

A particular combination of amino acids with make a specific protein

AQA GCSE - Biology (25 decks)

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