2.6 Transport Systems - Animals

Question 1

What 3 parts make up blood?

Answer 1

Plasma, red blood cells, and white blood cells.

Question 2

What does the plasma in blood transport?

Answer 2

nutrients and carbon dioxide.

Question 3

How are red blood cells specialised?

Answer 3

• Red blood cells have a biconcave shape to increase surface area.
• They have no nucleus to transport more oxygen.
• They have a large concentration of haemoglobin.

Question 4

What is the function of a white blood cell?

Answer 4

White blood cells are part of the immune system and are involved in destroying pathogens.

Question 5

What are pathogens?

Answer 5

Pathogens are disease-causing micro-organisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi)

Question 6

What are the two types of white blood cells?

Answer 6

Phagocytes and lymphocytes.

Question 7

What is the job of phagocytes?

Answer 7

Phagocytes engulf pathogens

Question 8

What is haemoglobin

Answer 8

A protein pigment responsible for transporting oxygen.

Question 9

What is haemoglobin known as when it is bound to oxygen

Answer 9

Oxyhaemoglobin

Question 10

What is the function of a lymphocyte?

Answer 10

To produce antibodies

Question 11

What is an antibody?

Answer 11

A protein that can destroy a pathogen

Question 12

Why are antibodies specific?

Answer 12

They have a shape that is complementary to a particular pathogen (antigen)

Question 13

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

Answer 13

R & L Atria

R & L Ventricle

Question 14

Which side of the heart deals with oxygenated blood

Answer 14

Left

Question 15

Which side of the heart deals with deoxygenated blood

Answer 15

Right

Question 16

Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

Answer 16

Arteries

Question 17

Which blood vessels carry blood into the heart?

Answer 17

Veins

Question 18

Which blood vessel carries blood into the right atrium?

Answer 18

Vena cava

Question 19

Where has blood travelling in the Vena cava come from?

Answer 19

The rest of the body

Question 20

Which blood vessel carries blood away from the right ventricle?

Answer 20

The pulmonary artery

Question 21

Where is blood that is in the pulmonary artery traveling to?

Answer 21

The lungs

Question 22

Which blood vessel carries blood into the left atrium?

Answer 22

The pulmonary vein

Question 23

Where has blood that is in the pulmonary vein come from?

Answer 23

The lungs

Question 24

Which blood vessel carries blood away from the left ventricle?

Answer 24

The Aorta

Question 25

Where is blood that is in the aorta travelling to?

Answer 25

The rest of the body

Question 26

What is the function of valves?

Answer 26

To prevent the backflow of blood

Question 27

Name the two locations of the 2 sets of valves in the heart?

Answer 27

In the arteries and between the atria and ventricles

Question 28

Name 3 features of an artery?

Answer 28

Thick muscular walls
Narrow central channel (lumen)
Carry blood under high pressure

Question 29

Name 4 features of a vein?

Answer 29

Thin walls
Large central channel (lumen)
Carry blood under low pressure
Have valves

Question 30

Name two features of capillaries?

Answer 30

Thin walls

Form large networks to provide a large surface area