1.6 Respiration Flashcards
What substrate is broken down to release energy in respiration?
Glucose
The energy released from the breakdown of glucose is used to produce which molecule?
ATP
What is the first stage of respiration called?
Glycolysis
Where does Glycolysis take place in the cell?
The cytoplasm
During Glycolysis, what does the Glucose get broken down in to?
Pyruvate
Does Glycolysis require oxygen?
No
During stage 2, what is the pyruvate broken down in to?
Carbon dioxide and water
How many ATP are produced when Glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen?
38
Where in the cell does stage 2 of respiration occur?
The mitochondria
What is the breakdown of glucose without oxygen known as?
Fermentation
How many ATP are produced in fermentation?
2
Where in the cell does fermentation take place?
The cytoplasm
What is the waste product produced in fermentation in animal cells?
Lactic acid
What are the waste products produced in fermentation in plants and yeast?
Carbon dioxide and ethanol
What can be used to convert lactate back to pyruvate?
Oxygen
What do we call the volume of oxygen required to convert all the lactate back to pyruvate?
Oxygen debt
A build up of lactic acid causes what to happen?
Muscle fatigue, the muscles fail to contract.
What piece of equipment can be used to measure the rate of respiration?
A respirometer
What are the waste products produced in aerobic respiration?
Carbon dioxide and water
How is energy released from ATP?
It is broken down in to ADP and a phosphate
Name a process that the energy from ATP is used for
Remember M.A.T.S
Muscular Contraction
Active Transport
Transmission of a nerve impulse
Synthesis of proteins
