1.5 Genetic Engineering Flashcards
1
Q
What is a gene?
A
A section of DNA that codes for a protein (which gives an organism a characteristic)
2
Q
What is genetic engineering?
A
The transfer of a gene from one organism to a different organism to give it a new characteristic
3
Q
What are used to ‘cut’ the gene out of a chromosome?
A
Enzymes (restriction)
4
Q
What is used to transport the gene into the new cell?
A
A plasmid
5
Q
What is a plasmid?
A
A loop of DNA found in bacterial cells
6
Q
What is used to ‘glue’ the gene of interest into a plasmid?
A
A (ligase) enzyme
7
Q
Name 2 proteins that can be produced by genetically engineered microbes
A
Insulin (to treat diabetes)
Factor VIII (to treat haemophilia)
Human growth hormone
