💚26 Pop and Human development

Question 1

What is this chapter mainly about?!

Answer 1

overpopulation

Question 2

Define Carrying Capacity

Answer 2

A regions ability to support its population,

influenced by size of population and resources

Question 3

When is a region underpopulated

Answer 3

When a region’s resources are capable of supporting population numbers in excess of their current values,
(Australia)

Question 4

When is a region overpopulated

Answer 4

When the resources of a region are not sufficient to support its population,
(the Sahel Africa)

Question 5

Define optimum population

Answer 5

Where resources and population of a region are balanced

Question 6

What causes overpopulation

Answer 6

Over-exploitation of resources
Increasing population

Question 7

Name a region that is an example of overpopulation

Answer 7

The Sahel

Question 8

What causes overpopultion in Sahel region

Answer 8

Climate- Drought, reduced water, crop failure

Population growth-Early expanding stge

Deforestation-Increased demand for wood= soil erosion= less crops

Overgrazing-Animals seen as wealth, infertile soil

Over cultivation- Soil erosion, root networks destroyed

Conflict-Forced migration

Question 9

Define desertification

Answer 9

The expansion of desert into surrounding areas

Question 10

Define gullying

Answer 10

Rainwater erodes deep channels into the soil

Question 11

Define food insecurity

Answer 11

When sufficient quantities of nutritious food are not regularly available.

Question 12

Define monoculture

Answer 12

Using the same land area to grow the same crops year after year.

Question 13

Name a reguon that faces overpopulation in a tropical climate

Answer 13

South sudan
Wet season Apr-Nov
Dry season Dec-Mar

Question 14

What causes ovepopulatipn in South Sudan

Answer 14

Pop Growth
Status of women
Infant mortallity
Poverty
Conflict

Question 15

Define humanitarian assistance

Answer 15

Aid and support that helps save lives, reduce human suffering and maintain human dignity by providing clean water, food, shelter, etc.

Question 16

Example of a reguon that overpopulatipn has has impacts on income lecels

Answer 16

Mumbai, India

Question 17

Define per capita income

Answer 17

This is the average income earned per person in a year and it is calculated by dividing the total income in a country by its total population.

Question 18

Impacts of overpopulation on Mumbai

Answer 18

Population Density
-Overcrowding
-Slums
-Low life expectancy
-Poor health
-Communal toilets
-Buildup of rubbish
-Contamination=disease
-No education=child labour

Pollution
-Increased car ownership

Traffic Congestion
-Public transport overcrowded
-Congestion with increased car ownership

Question 19

What is the impact of technology on population AGRICULTURE

Answer 19

•Green revolution: increased yields, quality, more secure food supplies, artificial fertilisers, GMOs, pest control, storage

• Irrigation: helpful where precipitation unreliable, aquifers take long time to replenish; using river water threatens fish population

Evaluation
• High costs - impacts limited
• Mechanisation - unemployment in rural areas - outmigration
• Food distribution still a problem

Question 20

What is the impact of texhnology on population HEALTH-DEVELOPING WORLD

Answer 20

•Population momentum - high birth rate, continued pop increase
• Poorly developed health systems - high infant mortality rate
• Poor living conditions - disease, infection
•Lack of govt funding - poor prevented from medicines, treatment
• Social/cultural issues - family planning not widespread
• Treatment of HIV/AIDS and Ebola

Question 21

What is the impact of texhnology on population HEALTH-DEVELOPED WORLD

Answer 21

Advanced healthcare systems - longer life expectancy
• Medical research, better health
outcomes
• Improved family planning - TFR reduced= ageing population

Question 22

Hiv/Aids population impacts

Answer 22

35 million ppl dead, 15million of those are African continent
Improvements in treatments led to decrease
Cost of treatment was a challenge for many countries UNAIDS helped

Question 23

Ebola on population

Answer 23

2014-2016 outbreak
West africa
11000 deaths recorded
Vaccine was highly protective

Question 24

What is the UN HDI (what does it stand for)

Answer 24

United Nations Human Development Index

Question 25

What is the HDI

Answer 25

Lists 188 countries and uses data on life expectancy, literacy rates, education provision, and living standards.
Goes from 0->1

Question 26

What are the HDI categories

Answer 26

V High: 0.8->0.999
High: 0.7->0.799
Medium: 0.6->0.699
Low: 0.1->0.599

Question 27

Impact of Population growth on Human Development. DEVELOPED WORLD

Answer 27

• Declining birth rates, ageing population, declining populations, increasing dependency ratios

• Ageing population: cost implications of state pension

• Reduced skilled labour pool

• Reduced tax revenue - budget deficits - spending cuts/taxation

• Elderly healthcare costs

Question 28

Impact of population growth on human fevelopment DEVELOPING WORLD

Answer 28

• Rural-to-urban migration - overpopulated cities, poor living conditions

• Govt investment is urban-focused
• No scope for saving

• Poverty - child labour, poor education

• Pressure on employment - economic migrants

• NICs - cheap labour pool attracts multinationals

Pressure on food production - inadequate supplies

• Lack of investment - brain drain - healthcare workers emigrate

• Increased demand for fossil fuels - impact on climate change

• Ecological implications - clearing of rainforests; endangered species

Question 29

Define NICs (Newly industrialised countries)

Answer 29

Countries whose economies have recently changed from an agricultural base to a manufacturing one.

Question 30

Define aquifier

Answer 30

A-Z
Aquifer: An underground layer of permeable rock that contains water.