26 - New York State Flashcards
Describe the growing conditions in New York State.
cool, varying degrees of continentality
Cold winters esp. inland winter freeze → hard rootstocks + extensive experimentations
Bodies of water for moderation crucial
Rainfall sufficient
Fertile soils in Finger Lakes → large canopy syst (Scott Henry) to max sunlight + reduce disease pressure
Infertile, free-draining soils e.g. sandy soils in North Fork (Long Island AVA)
In detail, describe how the Finger Lakes change the growing environment of the AVA named for them (6).
1. Alters topography slopes around lakes allow cold air to drain, lake warms this air pulling more cold air out of the vineyards → frosts
2. Delays spring budburst by cooling vineyards in spring → frosts
3. Lake-effect snow insulates vines during winter
4. Extend growing season by raising autumn temps via retained heat from summer, lakes are very deep → reduces autumn frost risk
5. Reduces dirunal range during growing season → rip
6. Reflects sunlight → rip
In addition to the snow that help to insulate vines, how can producers protect their vines from winter freeze? (3)
1. Select winter freeze resistant varieties e.g. Riesling and C.F, as well as numerous hybrids like Vidal
2. Select resistant rootstocks
3. Pile up earth around graft
Why are benches near the Finger Lakes avoided when planting grapes?
Cold air pools creating frost risk → steeper slopes preferred
Describe the style of Riesling produced in the Finger Lakes including any notable viti/winemaking techniques used.
- Fresh apple, lemon, peach
- dry-medium dry
- high acid
- low-med ABV
- med(-) - med body
- Sweeter → botrytis, LH, early ferment stop
- Skin contact, SST ferment
- Good-VG / mid-priced-prem
Why is French oak often used instead of American oak?
Flavour is subtler esp. for grapes with delicate flavours e.g. C.F
Which other grapes are planted in the Fingers Lake?
- Chardonnay fresh, oak
- P.N
- Gewurtz
- C.S
- Merlot
- P.G
Briefly describe some of the hybrids grown in the Finger Lakes.
Capable of HQ → many cheaps + jam/jelly
Traminette Gewurtz-like aromas, high acid, low abv
Vignoles susceptible to noble rot + high acid
Vidal ice wines
What is the key growing challenge in Long Island AVA
High humidity → strong coastal
windy weather help reduce
What styles of wine is Long Island AVA known for?
- G - VG
- Merlot-led Bordeaux blends
- Chardonnay oaked/unoaked, med(+) acid
- Protective S.B, Riesling, P.G
Which black grape is the most widely planted in the Finger Lakes? Why? What style of wine does it produce?
- C.F
- Mid-rip + winter hardy
- Red cherry, cranberry, black plum, herbaceous, with or without French oak
HUDSON RIVER REGION AVA
- 1st commercial winery, oldest active winery
- vast area, small plantings
- glacial deposits of shale, slate, schist, limestone.
- continental
- Spring frosts + winter freeze
- Seyval Blanc + Vidal, Riesling, Chard, C.F
