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ZOOL 250 lectures 13-28 > 26 -chelicerata > Flashcards

26 -chelicerata Flashcards

1
Q

Hexapoda

A

springtails, insects
mostly marine

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2
Q

subphylum Chelicerata

A

part of anthropoda

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3
Q

Chelicerata habitat

A

mostly terrestrial some freshwater
and marine arthropods

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4
Q

what do Chelicerata lack

A

antennae and do not have
mandibles

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5
Q

what do Chelicerata have instead of antennae and mandibles

A

chelicerae or chelifores

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6
Q

tagmatization most Chelicerata

A

cephalothorax & abdomen

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7
Q

Pycnogonida

A

sea spiders
sister to the clade euchelicerata(other chelicerates)

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8
Q

Xiphosura

A

in the clade Euchelicerata

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9
Q

relationships among chelicerates are

A

poorly resolved

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10
Q

Class Pycnogonida habiitat

A

entirely marine

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11
Q

how is Pycnogonida tagmatization unique

A

have cephalon with ovigers
a trunk w 3-6 pairs of legs
abdomen reduced to tiny stub

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12
Q

eyes Pycnogonida

A

four simple eyes

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13
Q

ovigers Pycnogonida

A

additional appendages on walking legs

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14
Q

cephalon

A

head stem, has proboscis

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15
Q

Pycnogonida where are gonads and gut branches

A

inside the legs

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16
Q

what is the opening of the mouth at the end of
the proboscis

A

trilobed(triangle thing) with sclerotized cuticular
ridges

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17
Q

what are the chelate appendages next to proboscis Pycnogonida

A

chelifores

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18
Q

chelifores homologous to

A

chelicerae

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19
Q

pycnogonids sexes

A

separate

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20
Q

pycnogonids fertilization

A

external

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21
Q

what happens after fertilization Pycnogonida

A

male gathers the fertilized eggs, holds onto them using his ovigers until larvae hatch

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22
Q

Pycnogonida
what type of parental care

A

male

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23
Q

larva Pycnogonida

A

protonymphon
has 3 pairs of appendages

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24
Q

how do protonymphon grow

A

anamorphic development
legs are added b/w moults

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25
Q

Euchelicerata mouthparts

A

chelicerae

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26
Q

ancestral chelicerae

A

3-segmented pincers

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27
Q

what are chelicerae reduced to in some taxa

A

2 segments

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28
Q

how do chelicerae and mandibles start out as evolutionarily

A

legs

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29
Q

Mandibulata chelicerae and mandibles evolution

A

only the leg base (coxa) was retained

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30
Q

Chelicerata chelicerae and mandibles evolution

A

tip of leg were retained
last articles become the movable digit

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31
Q

Euchelicerata tagmatization

A

cephalothorax
abdomen- variable in segments

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32
Q

cephalothorax contains

A

-4 pairs of legs
-chelicerae,
-pedipalps

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33
Q

Subclass Merostomata includes

A

2 grps marine chelicerates
Eurypterida
Xiphosura

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34
Q

Xiphosura

A

horseshoe crabs

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35
Q

Eurypterida

A

sea scorpions extinct

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36
Q

what were most massive arthropod

A

Eurypterida

37
Q

Eurypterida tagmata

A

three body tagmata
cephalothorax
mesosoma
metasoma

38
Q

Xiphosura spp

A

4

39
Q

Xiphosura eyes

A

compound eyes

40
Q

Xiphosura body and limbs

A

-chelicerae, pedipalps
-some walking legs are chelate
-book gills

41
Q

what doo Xiphosura eat

A

swallow particles

42
Q

where are things crushed Xiphosura

A

gnathobases

43
Q

fertilization Xiphosura

A

external

44
Q

larvae Xiphosura

A

planktonic

45
Q

Subclass Arachnida

A

part of chelicerata

46
Q

Arachnida spp

A

112,000

47
Q

Arachnida what do they eat

A

fluid-feeding
predators

48
Q

Arachnida eyes

A

simple eyes

49
Q

Order Scorpiones body

A

3-segmented chelicerae
pincers
comb like pectines

sting

50
Q

whats obvious in Scorpiones segmentation

A

abdomen

51
Q

hoiw do scorpions eat

A

externally digest, drink fluid

52
Q

what do pectines do

A

sense vibrations

53
Q

what are the pedipalps modified as in scorpions

A

pincers

54
Q

young Scorpiones

A

carried on females back
viviparity

55
Q

transfer sperm Scorpiones

A

indirectly

56
Q

what does merosoma have scorpions

A

book lungs

57
Q

Order Araneae

A

spiders

58
Q

Araneae spp

A

52 000

59
Q

body Araneae

A

-tight constriction between cephalothorax and abdomen
-spinnerets
abdomen unsegmented

60
Q

spinnerets

A

abdominal appendages for spinning silk

61
Q

how many chelicerae araneae

A

2-segmented chelicerae

62
Q

pedipalps Araneae

A

are never chelate

63
Q

gases exchange Araneae

A

tracheae and/or book lungs

64
Q

ocelli Araneae

A

image-forming in jumping spiders
and wolf spiders

65
Q

Araneae what do they eat

A

fluid-feeding predators

66
Q

what is on fangs of chelicerae Araneae

A

venom glands

67
Q

silk usage Araneae

A

to capture prey
or line burrows and wrap eggs

68
Q

sperm transfer Araneae

A

sperm sucked through pedipalp

69
Q

Araneae mating and relationships

A

often complex courtship
maternal care of eggs, and
sometimes young

70
Q

Acariformes & Parasitiformes

A

the mites, including ticks

71
Q

are Acariformes & Parasitiformes considered orderAcari

A

no, ‘mite-ness’ has evolved
twice independently

72
Q

Acariformes & Parasitiformes body

A

-no clear cephalothorax or abdomen
-almost no external evidence of abdominal segmentation
-among the smallest of all
animals

73
Q

how many chelicerae mites

A

2 or 3 segmented chelicerae

74
Q

where do mites live and eat

A

-do everything, live everywhere
-most are fluid-feeders
-many detritivores can ingest solid
particles

75
Q

fertilization mites

A

internal

76
Q

sperm transfer mites

A

all imaginable modes of sperm transfer

77
Q

mites parental care

A

no/rarely idk it says seldome

78
Q

young mites lets

A

3 pairs of
legs

79
Q

wack ass life-cycle in some mites

A

greatly shortened in some
live until adults in mother

80
Q

crustaceans Ecological importance in ocean

A

-food for many aquatic vertebrates
-commensals or parasites

81
Q

bottom-trawling

A

-destroys benthic habitat
-75% bycatch, which is
discarded

82
Q

collembolans importance

A

important detritivores

83
Q

insects importance

A

detritivores
-food for many invertebrates and vertebrates
-commercial farming of insects for protein
pollination

84
Q

colony-collapse disorder

A

disaster

85
Q

Chelicerata importance

A

-venoms dangerous, explored for their potential
pharmacological uses
-biomimicry of spider silk
-horseshoe crab blood

86
Q

horseshoe crab importance

A

haemolymph coagulates if bacteria present tests for contamination of vaccines and medical equipment

87
Q

economically important arachnids

A

crop pests
biocontrol agents
medically important

88
Q

medical importance arachnids

A

allergies and dermatitis vectors for viruses and bacteria

89
Q

Demodex mites

A

-two species
-live in the pores and follicles of
human facial skin

ZOOL 250 lectures 13-28 (18 decks)

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