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ZOOL 250 lectures 13-28 > 12 > Flashcards

12 Flashcards

1
Q

Aschelminthes

A

Chaetognatha
Nematode
Nematopmorpha
Priap7lida
Rotifera

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2
Q

phylum in aschelminthes

A

Chaetognatha
Nematoda
Nematomorpha
\Priapulida
Rotifera

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3
Q

Chaetognatha spp

A

150

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4
Q

Nematoda spp

A

27,000

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5
Q

Nematomorpha spp

A

365

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6
Q

Priapulida spp

A

22

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7
Q

Rotifera includes

A

Acanthocephala

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8
Q

Acanthocephala spp

A

3300

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9
Q

Chaetognatha habitat

A

marine

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10
Q

Chaetognatha diet

A

predatory

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11
Q

what describes where chaetognatha swim

A

nektonic

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12
Q

nektonic

A

swims in the open water
column

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13
Q

Chaetognatha

A

arrow worm

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14
Q

Chaetognatha molecular phylogenetic analyses
place them with

A

Protostomia
however has deuterostome-like characrteristics

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15
Q

Chaetognatha nervous syste,m

A

ventral nerve cord
circumoesophageal connectives

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16
Q

what deuterostome-like characteristics does Chaetognatha have?

A

-multiple eucoelomic cavities arising from process similar to enterocoely
-the mouth does not develop from the blastopore

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17
Q

what is phylum chaetognaths suggested to be?

A

transitional phylum b/w proto- and deuterostomes
however, molecular studies say protostome spiralian clade Gnathifera

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18
Q

what supports chaetognaths as transitional phylum

A

fossils from Burgess Shale

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19
Q

morphological features of chaetognaths

A

three sets of eucoeloms
post-anal tail
-fins
-eyes
-grasping spines

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20
Q

chaetognaths sexes

A

hermaphrodites

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21
Q

sperm transfer methods chaetognaths

A

sperm placed right at
the entrance to one of the two female genital
openings
or
jizz placed on body and streams over the epidermis and enters female shi

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22
Q

fertilization chaetognaths

A

internal

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23
Q

development Chaetognatha

A

direct
neither mouth nor anus come from the blastopore

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24
Q

how do Chaetognatha subdue prey

A

neurotoxin: tetrodotoxin

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25
Q

how do Chaetognatha avoid preation

A

transparent

26
Q

Phylum Rotifera habitat

A

freshwater,
marine and terrestrial

27
Q

Acanthocephala

A

all endoparasites
included in rotifera

28
Q

why were rotifers and acanthocephalans considered closely related

A

unusual syncytial epidermis with a dense intracellular protein layer

29
Q

Non-acanthocephalan Rotifera

A

among the
smallest of all bilaterians

30
Q

Non-acanthocephalan Rotifera movement

A

cilia via the corona

31
Q

rotifers body cavity

A

pseudocoelomate

32
Q

Non-acanthocephalan Rotifera solitary or
colonial

A

solitary few are
colonial

33
Q

are Non-acanthocephalan Rotifera free-swimming or sedentary

A

most are free-swimming
some are sedentary

34
Q

what do sedentary Rotifera do

A

build cases out of sand
or their own fecal pellets

35
Q

what do some rotiferas protect themselves with

A

armor called a
lorica

36
Q

eutely

A

no longer grow by adding
cells but though each cell getting
larger

37
Q

rotifers pharynx has

A

mastax

38
Q

mastax

A

internal mouthparts inside
the pharynx
made of smaller parts called trophi

39
Q

Gnathifera what do they share in common

A

complex mouthparts of Rotifera

40
Q

Non-acanthocephalan Rotifera what do they yse for water balce

A

protonephridia

41
Q

do Rotifera have nervous system

A

simple nervous system

42
Q

Rotifera eyes

A

eyespots
detect light but
don’t form images

43
Q

development Rotifera

A

direct development

44
Q

sexes Rotifera

A

several hundred species are completely parthenogenetic- never have males

45
Q

in species w males and females what do they engage in

A

cyclic
parthenogenesis

46
Q

cyclic parthenogenesis of rotifers

A

-diploid daughters by amictic females when environment good
-haploid sons by mictic females when
environment deteriorates
-males copulate w females

47
Q

rotifers that never have males

A

anhydrobiosis- dont die when dried out

48
Q

cilia in rotifers functions

A

both locomotion and feeding

49
Q

rotifers diet

A

small particles or
active hunters

50
Q

Seisonidea

A

group of ectoparasitic rotifers live on the
bodies of crustaceans

51
Q

Seisonidea coronas

A

very reduced

52
Q

Seisonidea reproduction

A

sexually

53
Q

clade thought to be sister to the parasitic Acanthocephala

A

Seisonidea

54
Q

Acanthocephala

A

group of Rotifera that is exclusively endoparasitic

55
Q

what are the hosts of Acanthocephala

A

vertebrates (final hosts) and insects and crustaceans (intermediate hosts)

56
Q

Acanthocephala characteristics

A

large pseudocoelom
have no mouth or gut
spiny anterior end

57
Q

sperm transfer Acanthocephala

A

copulation

58
Q

difference b/w acanthocephalans and free living rotifers lifecycle

A

clear larval stages in acanthocephalans

59
Q

whart are acanthocephalans famous for

A

manipulation of intermediate hosts

60
Q
A

ZOOL 250 lectures 13-28 (18 decks)

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