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NBCE I (General Anatomy) > Gastro-Intestinal Anatomy (part II) > Flashcards

Gastro-Intestinal Anatomy (part II) Flashcards

1
Q

What does the biliary tree consist of

A 
Right and left hepatic ducts
common hepatic duct
Cystic duct
common Bile duct
main pancreatic ducts
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2
Q

the right and left hepatic ducts join to form what

A

Common hepatic duct

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3
Q

the cystic duct of the gallbladder joins with what to form the common bile duct

A

the common hepatic duct

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4
Q

the triangle between the cystic duct, common hepatic duct and the liver is known as what

A

Callot’s triangle

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5
Q

Callot’s triangle, formed by the cystic duct, the common hepatic duct and the liver, contains what

A

the cystic artery

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6
Q

the Common bile duct travels in the free edge of what

A

the lesser omentum

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7
Q

why traveling in the free edge of the lesser omentum it also travels with what

A

proper hepatic artery and the portal vein

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8
Q

the common bile duct passes through what

A

the head of the pancreas

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9
Q

after passing through the head of the pancreas the common bile duct is joined by what

A

the main pancreatic duct

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10
Q

after joining with the main pancreatic duct both the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct opens up where

A

into the second part of the duodenum

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11
Q

the opening of the common bile duct and main pancreatic duct into the duodenum is guarded by what

A

the smooth muscle Sphincter of Oddi

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12
Q

The gallbladder can contain how much bile

A

50cc’s

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13
Q

where does the gallbladder lie in the body

A

in a fossa in the liver between the right and quadrate lobes

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14
Q

the gallbladder has four parts. What are they

A

fundus
body
neck
cystic duct

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15
Q

The small intestine lies between what

A

the duodenum and the large intestine

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16
Q

the small intestine is subdivided into what

A

the proximal part and the distal part

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17
Q

the proximal part of the SI is what

A

Jejunum and it occupies the upper left part of the abdomen, is thicker, wider and more vascular than the distal part

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18
Q

The distal par of the SI is what

A

the Ileum and it occupies the lower right part of the abdomen and is thinner, narrower and less vascular than the proximal part

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19
Q

The mesentery of the jejunum has large what

A

translucent windows, with few large vascular arcades with longer and fewer vasa recta

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20
Q

the mesentery of the ileum small what

A

opaque windows, numerous smaller arcades and numerous short vasa recta

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21
Q

The ileum has numerous lymphoid aggregates called what

A

Peyer’s patches (Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue)

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22
Q

the Superior mesenteric artery supplies all of the what

A

SI and Large intestine up to the Proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon

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23
Q

The large intestine has what that the SI does not

A

Haustra, teniae coli, appendices epiploica and a large diameter

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24
Q

The Colon is subdivided into what

A

Cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon

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25
Q

the appendix is approximately how long

A

4” long

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26
Q

the appendix is an out-pouching from the posteriomedial aspect of what

A

the cecum where the teniae coli meet

27
Q

the appendix is suspended by what

A

the mesoappendix

28
Q

the colon is located where?

A

Behind the cecum (65%)
in pelvis (30%)
either Retro-ileal or pre-ileal (5%)

29
Q

the colon is supplied by what

A

the appendicular artery

30
Q

The colon is located where

A

at McBurney’s point - 2/3 along a line from the umbilicus and ASIS

31
Q

The large intestine is derived from both the midgut and therefore supplied by what

A

Superior and Inferior Mesenteric arteries

32
Q

there is a watershed area in the large intestine which is located where

A

at the junction of the proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon and the distal third transverse colon

33
Q

where do lymphatics of the colon drain

A

first to the pericolic, then to paracolic to mesenteric to para-aortic nodes

34
Q

The sigmoid colon continues as what

A

the rectum

35
Q

The rectum is how long

A

5”

36
Q

the Rectum has how man curves

A

three curves

37
Q

The lower part of the rectum is dilated and known as

A

the ampulla

38
Q

The upper third of the rectum is covered by what

A

pelvic peritoneum on the anterior and lateral sides

39
Q

The middle third of the colon is covered by what and where

A

peritoneum only on the anterior aspect

40
Q

the lower third of the colon is covered by what and where

A

(trick) it is not covered by any peritoneum and is considered retroperitoneal

41
Q

the rectum is supplied by what

A

the superior rectal branch of the Inferior Mesenteric artery

42
Q

the rectum is derived from what

A

the hind gut

43
Q

the rectum drains into what

A

the inferior mesenteric nodes

44
Q

the rectum continues as what

A

the anal canal once it passes through the pelvic diaphragm

45
Q

The anal canal is how long

A

1.5”

46
Q

the anal canal is derived from what

A

two embryological origins - endoderm and ectoderm

47
Q

the anal canal has a junction between the ectoderm and endoderm derived parts known as what

A

the pectineal line

48
Q

The columns of Morgagni are longitudinal folds in the anal canal located where

A

above the pectineal line

49
Q

the columns of Morgagni in the anal canal are connected where

A

inferiorly by mucosal folds called the valves of Ball

50
Q

where do the anal glands open

A

behind the valves of Ball

51
Q

where is the anal canal oriented directionally

A

posteriorly and inferiorly

52
Q

the anal canal is guarded by two sphincters known as what

A

Internal circular sphincter

external sphincter

53
Q

the internal circular sphincter of the anal canal is made up of what

A

smooth muscle

54
Q

the external sphincter of the anal canal is made up of three parts; deep, superficial and submucosal and is made up of

A

skeletal muscle

55
Q

The external sphincter is supplied by what

A

inferior rectal branch of the pudendal nerve

56
Q

The pectinate line (pectineal) is an important line separating what

A

the upper anal have from the lower

57
Q

the upper half of the anal canal is derived from what

A

endoderm (hind gut) and is insensitive to pain

58
Q

the blood supply to the upper have of the anal canal is supplied by what

A

inferior mesenteric artery

59
Q

the lymphatics from the upper have of the anal canal drains into what

A

inferior mesenteric nodes

60
Q

the lower have of the anal canal is derived from what

A

ectoderm and is sensitive to pain

61
Q

the blood supply to the lower half of the anal canal is from what

A

inferior rectal branch of the internal pudendal artery

62
Q

the inferior rectal branch of the internal pudendal artery is a branch of what

A

the anterior division of the internal iliac artery

63
Q

the lymphatic from the lower half of the anal canal drains into what

A

the lateral group of Superficial Inguinal nodes in the groin

NBCE I (General Anatomy) (9 decks)

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