2.5: Transport Systems (Plants) Flashcards
What are the organs of a plant?
- Roots
- Stem
- Leaves
What tissues transport substances in plants?
- Xylem
- Phloem
What substances does xylem transport?
Water & Minerals
What substance does phloem transport?
Sugar
What structure is in a xylem tissue?
Lignin
What structures are in a phloem tissue?
Sieve Plate & Companion Cells
Is xylem dead or alive?
Dead
Is phloem dead or alive?
Alive
What is the direction of transport in xylem tissue?
Upwards only
What is the direction of transport for phloem tissue?
Up & Down
Why are xylem cells lignified?
To withstand the pressure changes from water
What are the four layers of tissue in a leaf?
- Upper epidermis
- Palisade mesophyll
- Spongey mesophyll
- Lower epidermis
Where is xylem and phloem tissue found in a leaf?
Running through the veins
What structure is found on the underside of the leaf?
Stomata
What is the function of the stomata?
To open and close to control water loss from the plant
What controls the stomata opening?
Guard Cells
What is the process where water moves from the roots to the leaves called?
Transpiration
What is the process of transpiration?
4
- Water enters the roots from the soil by osmosis
- Water moves up the stem in the xylem
- Water travels to the leaf in the leaf vein
- Water evaporates and exits the leaf through the stomata
Which factors affect the rate of transpiration?
4
- Higher Wind speed
- Higher temperate
- Increased surface area
- Higher humidity
How does higher wind speed affect transpiration?
Results in faster transpiration
How does higher temperate affect transpiration?
Results in faster transpiration
How does increased surface area affect transpiration?
Results in more transpiration
How does higher humidity affect transpiration?
Results in slower transpiration
