1.4: Proteins

Question 1

What are the functions of proteins?

5

Answer 1

• Structural
• Hormones
• Antibodies
• Receptors
• Enzymes

Question 2

What are enzymes?

Answer 2

Biological catalysts made from proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells without being changed or used up.

Question 3

Why do enzymes only work with one substrate?

Answer 3

The active site is complementary to the substrate

Question 4

How do enzymes work?

3

Answer 4

1. Enzyme binds to the substrate at the active site
2. Enzyme-substrate complex is formed
3. Products are formed and released from enzyme

Question 5

What are the two types of enzyme reactions?

Answer 5

Degradation & Synthesis

Question 6

What is degredation?

Answer 6

A breakdown reaction where the substrate is one large molecule and the product is two or more smaller molecules

Question 7

What is synthesis?

Answer 7

A build up reaction where the substrate is two or more smaller molecules and the product is one large molecule

Question 8

What are enzymes most active at?

Answer 8

Optimum conditions

Question 9

What happens when an enzymes temperature/pH increases?

Answer 9

Enzyme will become denatured (change shape) and the rate of reaction will be lower as the substrate can no longer bind to the active site