2.5 & 2.6 Respiratory malfunctions Flashcards
Asthma- system attached to
Respiratory System- incurable illness of the airways.
Asthma- Causes
Exposure to various irritants and substances that trigger allergies can trigger signs and symptoms of asthma. These can include: Airborne substances, such as pollen, dust mites, mould spores, pet dander or particles of cockroach waste. (Nature and nurture)
Asthma- Symptoms
Shortness of breath, chest tightness or pain, trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing or wheezing, a whistling or wheezing sound when exhaling.
Asthma- Treatments/cures
Inhaled corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiers, long-acting beta agonists, combination inhalers, theophylline.
Asthma- Diagnostic techniques
FeNO test – you breathe into a machine that measures the level of nitric oxide in your breath, which is a sign of inflammation in your lungs.
Spirometry – blow into a machine that measures how fast you can breathe out and how much air you can hold in your lungs.
Emphysema- System attached to
Respiratory System- lung condition which causes shortness of breath. Alveoli in the lungs are damaged.
Emphysema- Causes
Cigarette smoking, deficiency of an enzyme called alpha- 1- antitrypsin, air pollution, airway reactivity, heredity, male sex and age.
Emphysema- Symptoms
The deficiency of the enzyme is hereditary. Causes inflammation of the lungs and then becomes chronic lung disease.
Emphysema- Treatments/cures
Bronchodilator Medications. Inhaled as aerosol sprays or taken orally, steroids,
antibiotics.
Emphysema- Diagnostic techniques
Pulmonary Function Testing- test involves a series of breathing manoeuvres that measure the airflow and volume of air in your lungs. High Resolution Computed Tomography- special type of CT scan that provides your doctor with high-resolution images of your lungs.
Cystic fibrosis- System attached to
Respiratory system- affects lungs and pancreas, which can lead to breathing and digestive problems.
Cystic fibrosis- Causes
It is a genetic disease and have inherited two copies of the detective cystic fibrosis gene.
Cystic fibrosis- Symptoms
Salty-tasting skin, frequent coughing, wheezing, or bouts of pneumonia or sinusitis, difficulty breathing that keeps getting worse, big appetite but poor weight gain, bulky, smelly, greasy bowel movements.
Cystic fibrosis- Treatments/cures
Antibiotics to prevent and treat chest infections, medicines to make the mucus in the lungs thinner and easier to cough up, medicines to widen the airways and reduce inflammation, special techniques and devices to help clear mucus from the lungs.
Cystic fibrosis- Diagnostic techniques
If you show symptoms of cystic fibrosis or your baby has a positive new born screen for CF, a sweat test at a CF Foundation-accredited care centre can help provide a CF diagnosis by measuring the concentration of salt in a person’s sweat. This painless test is the most reliable way to diagnose CF.
