2.4 Cellular respiration Flashcards
Where does cellular respiration occur?
Occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of all living cells.
What does food supply?
Energy, in particular a sugar called glucose.
What is glucose broken down into?
Into simpler substances- water and carbon dioxide- energy that was holding the glucose molecule together is released.
Where does energy need to be captured?
Useable form in a chemical called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
What is ATP formed by?
Formed from a molecule called adenosine diphosophate (ADP) using the energy released from the breakdown of glucose.
Why is the process of ATP that can be quickly broken down again to ADP?
Used to power every process in the body, ATP is the cells equivalent of cash being used to provide energy in every chemical transaction.
Where does glycolysis occur?
In the cytoplasm of a cell. Involves the breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid with some energy.
Glycolysis
Chemical passes into mitochondria of the cell and enters a complex series of reactions involving two further stages that result in much more energy being released and more ATP being generated. The last stage takes place in the walls of the mitochondria, needs oxygen. The reaction in the mitochondria is called aerobic respiration. Carbon dioxide is a by-product.
What happens during intense exercise?
Pyruvic acid is converted to another molecule called lactic acid.
