24 - DLA Flashcards
What does tRNA bring to the ribosome during translation?
The tRNA brings amino acids
What is rRNA responsible for?
Overal structure of ribosome and catalytic activity (forming covalent peptide bonds)
What is snRNA?
Small Nuclear Ribonucleic Acid (Non-protein enzyme)
- Forms part of the spliceosome (binds to the exon parts and splices out the intron parts which would not turn into protein)
What is HnRNA?
It is the first RNA that is transcribed.
mRNA?
Because it has a cap and a poly a tail it can leave the nucleus and go out into the cytoplasm and take part in the translation process
tRNA?
Links an amino acid to a certain codon to help build protein in a ribosome
rRNA?
Forms ribosome where translation occurs
miRNA?
Group of small noncoding RNA’s that are involved in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by degrading their target mRNA’s or inhibiting their translation
What are the purines and what are the pyrimidine?
Purine-A and G
Pyrimidine-T and C
How can proteins interact and make contact with bases while on the DNA?
By using the major and minor grooves
How do you increase the melting temperature of DNA?
It increases with G-C (because of the triple bonds)
What is the central dogma?
DNA to RNA (Transcription) RNA to Protein (Translation) RNA to DNA (Reverse transcription)
Base pairs of DNA and RNA
DNA - A-T, C-G
RNA - A-U, C-G
What DNA structure is preferred when the DNA solution is dehydrated?
A-type DNA
What does 5-flourouracil do?
Anti cancer drug, in cells it is converted to FdUMP which inhibits thymidylate kinase and thus inhibiting synthesis of thymine which is required for DNA synthesis
