2.4 - 2.7

Question 1

What is linguistic anthropology?

Answer 1

The study of human speech and language

Question 2

What are the three areas of linguistic anthropology?

Answer 2

Historical Linguistics - The study of history and development of languages
Structural Linguistics - The study of the structure of language
Sociolinguistics - The study of language in relation to social factors

Question 3

What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?

Answer 3

His hypothesis was that language influences thought
Strong - Language determines thought
Weak - Language influences thought

Question 4

Who were Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf

Answer 4

Theorized that there was a relationship between language and culture.
They were both linguistic anthropologists who studies indigenous languages, they believed a language is a symbolic guide to culture.

Question 5

What are linguistic anthropologists interested in?

Answer 5

• How does language shape culture?
• Does language provide information about the beliefs and practices of a culture?
• Pattern changes of languages over time - think of how languages change through time.
• Evolution of language.

Question 6

Who is Noah Chomsky?

Answer 6

Known as the father of modern linguistics, in particular, structural linguistics. He believed that all children are born with internal, universal rules for grammar, and can apply them all to their 1st language.

Question 7

What is body language?

Answer 7

Suggests that we can express many emotions and convey meaning through body language

Question 8

Who is the Unabomber?

Answer 8

An American terrorist who had sent bombs around the united states in the mail for a span of 17 years. He was caught through the way his manifesto was written.

Question 9

Who is Fitzgerald?

Answer 9

He used his knowledge of linguistics to help create an accurate profile to identify and capture Ted Kaczynski

Question 10

What is forensic linguistics?

Answer 10

The use of linguistics in case study, typically used to create an accurate profile when identifying criminals

Question 11

What is the difference between Sapir and Whorf?

Answer 11

Sapir was interested in how language and culture influence each other.
Whorf wanted to further explore how different languages might shape through behavior

Question 12

What is primatology?

Answer 12

The study of anatomy and behaviors of living primates
Primatologists are not always anthropologists

Question 13

How do we study primates?

Answer 13

We observe primates in both their natural habitat and in facilities

Question 14

Since primates are mammals what does that mean?

Answer 14

• Fur/hair
• Warm-blooded
• Live birth
• Nurse their young
• Dependence on adults
• Play

Question 15

How do primates learn?

Answer 15

They learn through play - social and survival skills are developed this way

Question 16

What is displaced reference?

Answer 16

The ability to communicate about information that’s remote from the site of the communicative transaction

Question 17

Who was Koko?

Answer 17

A gorilla with the largest English and sign language vocab
Koko had a kitten named ‘All Ball’ that she treated as one of her own

Question 18

Who are, Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey and Birute Galdikas?

Answer 18

They observed primates in the field, and were influenced by Louis Leakey.
Goodall - Chimps
Fossey - Gorillas
Galdikas - Orangutans
They were also known as the Leakey’s Angels because they studied under anthropologist Louis Leakey

Question 19

What does arboreal mean?

Answer 19

It means they are designed for the forests

Question 20

What are the advantages of specialized teeth?

Answer 20

• Efficient break down of food
• Aids with digestion
• Omnivorous
• Increased variety

Additional Notes;
- Incisors, canines, molars, premolars
- Help with separating the food into smaller pieces

Question 21

What are the advantages of opposable thumbs?

Answer 21

• Hold and manipulate objects
• Firm grip
• More precise movements

Additional Notes;
- A thumb place opposite the fingers of the same hand
- Approx. 2 million years ago when evolution began

Question 22

What are the advantages of social grooming?

Answer 22

• Induces an interaction with their peers
• Safety and security
• Method of stress relief and solution for boredom
• When conflict arises social grooming is a simple and effective way of resolving the issue

Additional Notes;
- Social Grooming is the process in which non-human primates clean/groom their peers by removing debris from their fur.
- Humans participate subconsciously on peers with different intentions (Hairdresser, nail salons, etc…)

Question 23

What are the advantages of a clavicle?

Answer 23

• Keeps arms out to the side, allowing for rotation
• Balance mobility and strength
• Provides protection to many muscles

Additional Notes;
- Collar bone, connects your arms to your body
- Helps them with swinging from trees
- Animals without clavicles; sheep, cows, pigs

Question 24

What are the advantages of 1 upper bone and 2 lower bones?

Answer 24

• Mobility and dexterity
• Provides strength and support within ligaments
• Bipedal creatures
• Energy and efficiency
• Range of motion

Additional Notes;
- Suited to arboreal living
- In the jungle / forest
- Femur, tibia, fibula, humeris, ulna and radius

Question 25

What are the advantages of Stereoscopic Vision?

Answer 25

• Accuracy of depth
• perception
• Fast and easy perception of surroundings
• 3D
• Distinguish between different objects

Additional Notes;
- Merging two images together
- Helped to avoid and locate predators

Question 26

What is diurnal?

Answer 26

Means of or during day, opposite of nocturnal