2.3 Leadership and Management Flashcards
Manager
A person who organizes the resources within an organization in order to achieve the objectives of the organization
Leader
A person who has a vision for the future of the organization and inspires others to follow them.
What do managers do? (Fayol)
Planning
* setting objectives
Organizing
* ensuring resources are in the right place
Commanding
* assigning tasks to employees and making sure they do things
Coordinating
* Making sure everyone is working towards the same goal
Controlling
* measuring performance and making necessary changes
Management Roles (Henry Mintzberg)
Interpersonal
- Figurehead
- Leader
- Liasion
Informational
- Monitor
- Disseminator
- Spokeperson
Decisional
- Entrepreneur
- Disturbance Handler
- Resource Allocator
- Negotiator
What do leaders do?
- Creates a vision for the organization
- is a role model
- inspires and motivates employees
- builds the culture required
Leaders are people-focused
Managers are process-focused
What is Scientific Management?
- Data is collected and analyzed and a decision is made based on this
- Logical, rational and data-based
- But data may be costly, biased or unavailable
What is Intuitive Management?
- Decisions are based on intuition or gut-feeling
- Good when:
Data is not available or potentially biased
When data may not work
Autocratic (def)
- Centralized decision making
- Leaders make decisions on their own without input from others, and then announce the decision to employees
When is Autocratic suitable and what is the impact?
Suitable when:
* quick decisions need to be made
* when employees are unskilled
Impact:
* employees become dependent on leaders and don’t make decisions
* low morale and high staff turnover
Paternalistic (def)
similar to autocratic, but leaders listen to employees and make decisions in their best interest, but still make final decisiosn
Impact of Paternalistic
- Higher morale, loyalty, motivation
- Still not participation in decision making
Impact of Democratic
- Higher morale, empowered, comitted to the decision
- slow decision making, leaders and employees need certain skills
Democratic (def)
- Employees participate in decision-making and decisions are made based on what the majority decides
- could be voting or through informal discussions
Laissez-faire (def)
- Leaders trust and allow employees to make decisions on their own. Decision-making is done mostly by employees with little input from management
- ‘Let them do it’ or ‘hands off’
When is laissez-faire suitable?
Suitable when?
* when teams need freedom or need to be creative
* employees are highly-skilled and self-motivated
