23/06 Flashcards by Lucy Allan

Transudate (< 30g/L protein)

heart failure - most common
hypoalbuminaemia
hypothyroidism
meigs syndrome

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Exudate (> 30g/L protein)

infection - PNEUMONIA (most common cause)
CTD
neoplasia
pancreatitis
PE
dressers
yellow nail

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what to rule out in pts with urinary incontinence

diabetes and UTI

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Fibrosis predominately affecting the upper zones

hypersensitivity pneumonitis
coal worker’s pneumoconiosis
silicosis
sarcoidosis
ankylosing spondylitis (rare)
histiocytosis
tuberculosis

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Fibrosis predominately affecting the lower zones

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
most connective tissue disorders (except ankylosing spondylitis) e.g. SLE
drug-induced: amiodarone, bleomycin, methotrexate
asbestosis

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feltys syndrome

RA, splenomegaly and low white cell count

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Plucking of clothes, smacking of lips, aura and feelings of de-ja-vu

temporal lobe seizures

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Head/leg movements, posturing, post-ictal weakness, Jacksonian march

frontal lobe seizures

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Paraesthesia

parietal lobe seizures

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Floaters/flashes

occipital lobe seizures

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positive femoral nerve stretch test

referred lumbar spine pain as a cause of hip pain

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reduced reticulocyte count

aplastic crisis

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increased reticulocyte count

sequestration crisis

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opioids in pts severe renal impairment

buprenorphine or fentanyl

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opioids in pts with mild renal impairment

oxycodone

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axillary freckles

neurofibromatosis T1

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lamotrigine adverse effect

steven johnsons syndrome

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twisting injury with pain worse on straightening the knee

meniscal injury

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how long should anti-depressants be continued

6 months AFTER remission of symptoms

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carcinoid syndrome

5 HIAA

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Renal transplant + infection

?CMV

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low/normal phosphate

secondary hyperparathyroidism

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high phosphate

tertiary hyperparathyroidism

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excessive sodium chloride

hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis

contact lens assoc keratitis

pseudomonas aeruginosa

cortisol is not suppressed by low-dose dexamethasone but is suppressed by high-dose dexamethasone

cushings disease

acute, severe, symptomatic hyponatraemia

hypertonic saline

intussuception imaging

abdo USS

differentiating true seizure from a pseudoseizure

prolactin

h pylori eradication therapy

PPI amox clari

CT head within 1 hour

GCS < 13 on initial assessment GCS < 15 at 2 hours post-injury suspected open or depressed skull fracture any sign of basal skull fracture (haemotympanum, 'panda' eyes, cerebrospinal fluid leakage from the ear or nose, Battle's sign). post-traumatic seizure. focal neurological deficit. more than 1 episode of vomiting

CT head within 8 hours

have experienced some loss of consciousness or amnesia since the injury + age 65 years or older any history of bleeding or clotting disorders including anticogulants dangerous mechanism of injury (a pedestrian or cyclist struck by a motor vehicle, an occupant ejected from a motor vehicle or a fall from a height of greater than 1 metre or 5 stairs) more than 30 minutes' retrograde amnesia of events immediately before the head injury

isolated raised ALP

pagets disease

tx of pagets disease

bisphosphonates eg risendronate

complication of fluid resus in DKA c

cerebral oedema

when are IV fluids given for burns

in adults - second or third degree burns that cover 15% body surface area in kids - when burns cover 10% of body surface area

parkland formula

volume of fluid= total body surface area of the burn % x weight (Kg) x4 Half of the fluid is administered in the first 8 hours

coarse red rash

scarlet fever

loss of fine motor function in both upper limbs

DCM

anti-nuclear and/or anti-smooth muscle antibodies

AI hepatitis

anti-mitochondrial antibodies

primary biliary cirrhosis

septic arthritis YA

gonorrhea

early diastolic murmur that is louder on expiration and is best heard in the 3rd intercostal space left sternal edge

aortic regurgitation

if 1st repeat smear at 12 months is still hrHPV +ve

repeat smear 12 months later (i.e. at 24 months)

gout in someone taking warfarin

cochicine avoid NSAIDs

hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma

MSH2/MLH1 gene mutations

Scrotal swelling you can’t get above

inguinoscrotal hernia

endocrine disorder as a result of lithium therapy

hypothyroidism

What is the latest time that HIV post-exposure prophylaxis may be given

72 hours after the event

type of adrenaline given in cardiac arrest

INTRAVENOUS

painful hernia

strangulated

PE ABG

resp alkalosis

mid shaft humeral fracture

radial nerve

B blocker overdose

IV glucagon

intermittent right iliac fossa pain

ileal crohns disease

rheumatic fever tx

IM benzylpenicillin / oral penicillin V

P TB med

pyrazinamide

AFP

hepatocellular cancer