2.2.2 theories of motivation strengths and weaknesses

Question 1

advantages of maslows hierarchy of needs

Answer 1

• allows management to develop an understanding of individual needs as all employees are different and have specific needs
• allows management to be aware that employees will be at different stages of development and that they will need to be motivated using a variety of methods
• a fairly easy theory to understand - most managers should be able to make use of it

Question 2

weaknesses of maslows hierarchy of needs

Answer 2

• is only a theory and isn’t supported by empirical evidence as stages in the hierarchy dont apply to all individuals
• manager making use of the theory may struggle to identify the stage at which each individual employee is, making it difficult to determine an appropriate motivation strategy
• simplistic and one motivation strategy should be able to satisfy several needs at the same time

Question 3

strengths of locke and lathams goal setting theory

Answer 3

• setting goals that are clear and specific, challenging but not overwhelming will motivate employees + improve their performance
• are many studies that support this theory - challenging and specific goals (with commitment + feedback) will motivate employees
• staff will perform at higher standard due to specific goals (leading to a higher rate of productivity)
• better relationships with management and employees will occur as managers work with each employee to collaboratively set goals and provide feedback

Question 4

weaknesses of locke and lathams goal setting theory

Answer 4

• settings goals that are too vague can lead to poor performance whilst goals that aren’t challenging or too overwhelming can be demotivating
• individual employee goals may clash with each other or with business objectives, or may not support the attainment of business objectives
• failing to meet a goal could be detrimental to confidence

Question 5

advantages of lawrence and nohrias four drive theory

Answer 5

• drives work independently, allowing management + employees to be flexible in the behaviours or strategies selected
• very adaptable to complicated/intricate environments
• converts into effort that is directed at improving behaviour, improving business performance and achieving objectives

Question 6

weaknesses of lawrence and nohrias four drive theory

Answer 6

• other drives other than the 4 listed may exist - these dont necessarily explain all the individual characteristics that may motivate one
• some workplace applications may involve competition between employees eg. a workplace may suffer from a lack of cooperation or a lack of information sharing