2.2.1 Programming Techniques

Question 1

Algorithm

Answer 1

A set of rules or a sequence of steps specifying how to solve a problem

Question 2

Programming constructs

Answer 2

Sequencing
Selecting
Iteration

Question 3

Variables

Answer 3

Identifiers given to memory locations whose contents will change during the course of the program

Question 4

Global variable

Answer 4

A variable that can be used anywhere in the program

Question 5

Local variable

Answer 5

Can only be used within the subroutine in which it is declared

Question 6

Selection

Answer 6

Decisions made that determine the execution

Question 7

Sequence

Answer 7

All lines are executed in order

Question 8

Iteration

Answer 8

Code is repeated/looped until specific conditions are met

Question 9

Subroutine

Answer 9

A named block of code which performs a specific task within a program

Question 10

By value

Answer 10

It’s actual value is passed into the subroutine

Question 11

By reference

Answer 11

The address is passed into the subroutine

Question 12

Modularity

Answer 12

Breaking down large tasks into small subtasks.

Question 13

Recursion

Answer 13

A subroutine that is defined in terms of itself

Question 14

Parameter

Answer 14

Data structures passed into a procedure or function

Question 15

IDE (integrated development environment)

Answer 15

A software package that helps write the code easily

Question 16

Procedural programming

Answer 16

High level languages such as Basic and Pascal

Question 17

Debugging

Answer 17

Removing errors from code
Syntax, logic and run-time

Question 18

Classes

Answer 18

A blueprint or template for an object. It defines the attributes and behaviours(methods) of object within the class

Question 19

Constructor

Answer 19

Used to create object in a class

Question 20

Instantation

Answer 20

The creation of a new object

Question 21

Encapsulation

Answer 21

Bundling data and actions in a class

Question 22

Inheritance

Answer 22

Where a new class is formed by inheriting all the methods and attributes of another

Question 23

Polymorphism

Answer 23

A programming languages ability to process objects differently depending on their class