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AQA History - The English Revolution 1625-1660 > (22) Political Radicalism - religious groups > Flashcards

(22) Political Radicalism - religious groups Flashcards

1
Q

When was the House of Lords abolished?

A

19 March 1649

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2
Q

Why did the Levellers denounce the Rump?

A

It had not addressed the fundamental issue of Parliamentary representation

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3
Q

What did Lilburn publish on 26 February?

A

‘England’s new chains discovered’

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4
Q

What was ‘England’s new chains discovered’ about?

A
  • attacked the Grandees
  • appealed to the army
  • the Rump as a new oppressor
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5
Q

What was the response of the Rump?

A

Lilburn and other Levellers were were arrested in March 1649 and charged with treason

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6
Q

What did the Levellers succeed at doing, despite the imprisonment of its leaders?

A

Stir up two significant mutinies

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7
Q

What occurred in Colonel Whalley’s regiment?

A

April - soldiers refused to leave their quarters

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8
Q

What was the outcome of Whalley’s regiment’s mutiny?

A

Cromwell and Fairfax were ordered in to disperse the mutiny and execute ringleaders

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9
Q

When was the second Leveller mutiny?

A

May 1649

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10
Q

What occurred in the second Leveller mutiny?

A

5 cavalry regiments mutinied - supressed by Cromwell and Fairfax again

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11
Q

What measure did the Rump agree to that supported the army?

A

To pay army arrears

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12
Q

Who were the Diggers?

A

An off-shoot of the Levellers - emerged in late 1648 and defined themselves as ‘True Levellers’

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13
Q

Who were the Digger leaders?

A

Gerrard Winstanley and William Everard

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14
Q

When and where was a community of Diggers founded?

A

April 1649 in Surrey, occupying St George’s Hill

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15
Q

What was the Digger’s slogan?

A

‘Work together. Eat Bread Together’

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16
Q

What was the beliefs of the Diggers?

A
  • to work the ‘common land’
  • rejected the concept of a monarchy
  • hopes a new era the ‘commonwealth’ would occur
17
Q

What happened to the Diggers at St George’s Hill?

A

The community was dispersed within six months

18
Q

Why did the Digger movement not thrive?

A
  • their approach to property caused anxiety
  • went against social conventions
  • easily accused as being Ranters
  • heretical belief that all mankind would enjoy eternal life in heaven
19
Q

What was Winstanley’s political writings?

A

‘law and freedom’ published in 1652 - challenged Cromwell to bring about genuine liberty or accept he had transferred the kings power into his own hands

20
Q

What was ‘Godly Society’?

A
  • individuals can relate directly to God
  • sin was a public and private responsibility
21
Q

When was the Blasphemy Act introduced?

A

1650 - first offence would be 6 months imprisonment, second offense would be banishment oversees

22
Q

Who was the leader of the Quakers?

A

George Fox

23
Q

When did the Quakers emerged?

A

c.1647

24
Q

What were Quaker believers identified as?

A

Friends of the Truth

25
Q

What were the Quakers main beliefs?

A
  • God spoke to individuals through an inner light
  • no need for ministers of ceremony
  • oath-taking was wrong
  • services conducted with extended periods of silence
  • military service was wrong
26
Q

When was Fox imprisoned under the Blasphemy act?

A

October 1650

27
Q

How did the Quaker movement grow?

A

It had a missionary, evangelistic vision:
- by 1660 there were 20,000 Quaker converts in England

28
Q

What were the Baptists doing during this period?

A

-Grouped Churches into regional associations

29
Q

What were the purposes of regional associations?

A
  • Christian fellowship and accountability for ministers
  • Quality control of teaching
  • Monitoring and maintenance of Baptist doctrine and practice
30
Q

What were 2 other radical sects?

A
  • Fifth Monarchists
  • Muggletonians
31
Q

What did the Fifth Monarchists believe?

A
  • millenarianism
  • reached its peak in 1650
  • awaited the apocalyptic return of Jesus
  • government should be based on Jewish Sanhedrin
  • legal profession abolished
  • Mosaic Law imposed
32
Q

What did the Muggletonians believe?

A
  • denial of the Trinity
  • mortality of the soul
  • devil is man’s sinful thoughts
  • God lives 6 miles above the earth
  • pacifism
  • doctors are akin to witches
33
Q

How did the Muggletonian movement begin?

A

1651 - by Lodowicke Muggleton and John Reeve claimed that God had sent them a message

34
Q

When was Lodowicke convicted of blasphemy?

A

1653

35
Q

Where did Muggletonians recruit believers?

A

To find them in a particular shop in London

36
Q

What did republicanism mean in 1649?

A

Unfit monarchs should be brought to justice, and such issues extend beyond the constraints of one nation

AQA History - The English Revolution 1625-1660 (18 decks)

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