(20) The Problem of Charles I Flashcards
When was the Windsor prayer meeting?
April 1648 - lasting three days
Why was the Windsor Prayer meeting significant?
It denounced Charles Stuart as a man of blood
When did Parliament revoke the Vote of No Addresses?
24th August 1648
What did Parliament stipulate?
Negotiations were needed to be complete within 40 days
When did negotiations with the King begin?
18th of September in Newport - Isle of Wight 1648
What was the Treaty of Newport?
- agreed to 3-year Presbyterian settlement
- Royalists covered by Act of Oblivion
- king not swear Covenant oath
- Parliament control the navy and militia 20 years
- Parliament appoint state officials 10 years
- King cease settlement with Irish Confederates
How was Charles I double-dealing again?
He was in communication with the Marquis of Ormand
In response, what did the army put forward in November 1648?
Remonstrance of the Army, drafted by Henry Ireton
What did the Remonstrance of the Army reveal?
That the king could not be trusted and a reaffirming of the Vote of no Addresses
What was Parliament’s response to the Remonstrance?
Delayed discussions for a week but voted on 5th December to continue Newport negotiations
What two events occurred on 6th December?
Cromwell returned to London and Colonel Pride had stood at the commons door, preventing Political Presbyterians from entering
What was Pride’s Purge essentially?
A military coup - Ireton had created a list of 180 MPs who should be excluded
What was presented on 11th December?
A Protestation of secluded memebers
What did the Protestation of secluded members present?
It listed reasons for outrage and dismay
What happened to the Protestation?
It was rejected by Parliament
What was now the name of the new Parliament?
The Rump
How did Cromwell justify Pride’s Purge?
It was through providence - God’s will
How did the Army Council bring about the King’s trial?
Martial Law
Who tried to persuade the king to abdicate with Cromwell?
Whitelock
When did Parliament decide to create a special court to trie Charles as committing treason?
December 1648
What was the court called?
The High Court of Justice
Where was the king’s trial held?
In the Great Hall of Westminster
Who was the president of the court?
John Bradshaw
How many commissioners were elected to the court?
135
How many commissioners sat the trial?
70
What was Charles I impeached as?
‘Tyrant, Traitor, Murderer and Public Enemu tp the Commonwealth of England’
How did Charles I respond?
By asking for the authority of the court - questioning its legitimacy
How did Bradshaw ensure Charles I was guilty?
A series of witnesses were brought out to prove the King’s guilt
When was the trial brought to an end?
Starting on 20th January, it was complete by 27th
How many of the 135 commissioners signed the death warrant?
59
When was Charles I executed?
30th January 1649
