2.2 Lymphatic Drainage of the Head and Neck Flashcards
Name 3 areas of the head that do not have lymphatic drainage
Cornea
Lens
Inner ear
What does a lymphatic vessel carry?
Lymph fluid (excess tissue fluid) from the tissues back to the circulation
How much lymph fluid is produced per day?
3-4 Litres
Where does lymph rejoin the circulation?
Subclavian veins
How does fluid move along lymphatic vessels?
Using valves which constrict passively and intrinsically
What is lymphoedema?
Fluid retention and tissue swelling due to a problem with the lymphatic system
What can cause lymphoedema?
Removal of lymph nodes
Infections
Congenital
Damage to lymphatics- cancer treatment
What is a lymph node?
Connective tissue structure with a tough, fibrous, outer capsule. They contain high numbers of lymphocytes and macrophages
If a lymph node is tender, firm and mobile, what is the likely pathology?
Infection
If a lymph node is hard, matted and non-tender, what is the likely pathology?
Malignancy
Where are regional lymph nodes found?
Superficially
Where are terminal lymph nodes found?
Deep in the body
What separates the superficial and deep lymph nodes in the neck?
Investing layer of deep cervical fascia
Where do most lymph nodes in the neck lie?
Carotid sheath
Where does Virchow’s node drain?
Thorax and abdomen
