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GIHEP > 22. GI Viruses > Flashcards

22. GI Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

How many types of poliovirus are there?

A

3

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2
Q

Which type of poliovirus is most likely to cause paralysis?

A

1

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3
Q

Why is poliovirus considered a candidate for complete eradication?

A

Humans are the only host and it is vaccine preventable

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4
Q

How long is the incubation of poliovirus?

A

1 week

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5
Q

What are the 3 forms of presentation of poliovirus?

A

90% asymptomatic but infectious
8% have an influenza-like syndrome for a week
2% develop a biphasic illness

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6
Q

What are the features of the biphasic illness caused by poliovirus?

A

Fever and GIT symptoms for 2-3 days,

Followed by aseptic meningitis and paralytic poliomyelitis

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7
Q

How is poliovirus detected in the lab?

A

Virus culture of throat and faeces

If meningitis: PCR of CSF

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8
Q

What is the treatment of poliovirus?

A

Supportive: mechanical ventilation

If bulbar involvement then monitor BP and circulation

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9
Q

What polio vaccines are available?

A

Live attenuated oral

Inactivated

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10
Q

Name 3 non-polio picornaviruses

A

Coxsackie
ECHO
Enterovirus D68

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11
Q

What are the routes of transmission of coxsackie virus?

A

Faecal oral
Inhalation
Contact with vesicles

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12
Q

What symptoms are caused by Coxsackie A virus?

A

Fever, common cold and rash
Herpangina
Hand, foot and mouth disease

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13
Q

What is herpangina?

A

Vesicular ulcerated lesions around soft palate

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14
Q

What symptoms are caused by Coxsackie B virus?

A 
Fever, rash
Meningitis
Epidemic myalgia
Bronchitis and pneumonia in children
Myocarditis and pericarditis
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15
Q

What symptoms can be caused by ECHO virus?

A 
Asymptomatic or
fever, sore throat and rubella-like rash
Meningitis
Diarrhoea
Pericarditis, myocarditis
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16
Q

What symptoms are caused by enterovirus D68?

A

Acute flaccid paralysis

Severe resp illness

17
Q

What illness does rotavirus cause?

A

Acute diarrhoea in infants and young children
Associated with creches
Low infecting dose

18
Q

What are the clinical features of rotavirus?

A

5 days hyperosmotic diarrhoea
Circulatory collapse and death in those with underlying condition
Post infectious lactose intolerance can develop

19
Q

How is rotavirus prevented against?

A

Oral vaccine at 2 and 4 months

20
Q

What food is norovirus associated with?

A

Shellfish

21
Q

What are the clinical features of norovirus?

A

Diarrhoea, projectile vomiting

Abdominal cramps, malaise, myalgia, headache

22
Q

What are the routes of transmission of adenovirus?

A

Faecal oral
Resp
Direct innoculation

23
Q

What infections are caused by adenovirus?

A

Infantile diarrhoea (up to 2 weeks)
Resp infection
Meningitis
Conjunctivitis

GIHEP (30 decks)

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