Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Porsche 911 turboS > 2.2 Animal Tissue > Flashcards

2.2 Animal Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four types of tissues?

A

epithelial
muscular
conective
neural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the tissues in the heart?

A

epithelial
connective
muscular
neural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who coined the word animal tissue?

A

Bichat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Who is the father of histology?

A

Bichat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who is the founder of microscopic histology?

A

Mercello Malpighi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does the epithelial tissue gets its nutrients from?

A

the connective tissue under it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which types of tissue forms first?

A

epithelial tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the layer between the connective tissue and the epithelial tissue?

A

basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the basement membrane made up of ?

A

glycoprotein
muco polysaccharide
protein fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two layer of the basememnt membrane?

A

basal lamia

fibrous lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the four types of cell juncitons?

A

tight junctions
adhering junctions
interdigitaiton
gap fucntions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the fibres involved in the adhering junctions called?

A

tono fibrils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the three modification in the epithelial membrane?

A

microvilli
cilli a
stereocilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the functions of microvili?

A

increase surface absorption and secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the function of cilia?

A

helps in locomotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the function of stereocilia?

A

increase surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

From which embryonic layer does the epethelium originate from?

A

endoderm
mesoderm
ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the types of simple epithelial tissue?

A

simple squamous
simple compound
simple columnar
pseudostratified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the modification of simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

brush border cuboidal epithelium

ciliated cuboidal epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where are simple columnar epithelium found ?

A

organs like bronchioles and fallopain tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the modifications of columnar epithelium?

A 
brush bordered epithelium
glandular epithelium
glandular brush border epithelium
ciliated epithelium 
stereociliated epithelium 
pseudostratified
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is pseudostratified epithelium found?

A

trachea
bronchi
respiratory epithelium and nasal chambers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where is stereo ciliated epithelium found?

A

epididymis
vas deferens
macula and crista of ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Where is ciliated columnar epithelium found?

A

fallopian tubes

ependymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Where is glandular brush broder epithelum found?
small intestine ( duodenum, ileum , jejunum)
26
Where is glandular epithelium found?
stomach colon rectum
27
Where is the brush bordered epitehlium found?
gall bladder
28
Where is simple columnar epithelium found?
liver bile uterus
29
Where is simple cuboidal epithelial?
``` germinal epithelum follicle of thyroid accini of pancrease retina secretor sweat gland loop of henle iris choroid and ciliary body DCT pneumocyte ```
30
Where is simple squamous epithelial tissue found?
bowmans caplsule aveoli of lungs mesothelium
31
Where is brush border cuboidal epithelium?
PCT of nephron
32
Where is ciliated cuboidal epithelium?
NECK of nephron
33
What are the modification of compound epithelial tissue?
transitional epithelial / strectchable epithelial non strechable compound epthelial tissue
34
What happens to the stretchable epihtelial after it is stretched?
the basement membrane vanishes
35
What types of cell junstion is present in the stretchable epithelium
interdigitation
36
What is the top layer of stretchable epithelium made up of ?
cuticle
37
Where is stretchable epithelium found?
renal pelvis ureter urinary bladder Proximal part of male ureter
38
What are the two types of non stretchable stratified epithelium?
keratinized and non keratinized
39
Where is keratinized se found?
skin horn feather
40
Are the cells of keratinized epithelium dead or alive?
dead
41
Where non stretchable squamous non keratinized epitehlium found?
``` buccal cavity pharynx oesophagus anal canal vagina cornea ```
42
Where is stratified cuboidal epithelial found?
``` duct of salivary gland mammery gland pancreatic gland sebaceous gland pancreatic gland ```
43
What are the two types of stratified columnar epithelium?
ciliated and non cilitated
44
Where are non ciliated columnar epithelium found?
distal parts of male urethra | epiglottis
45
Where are stratified cliated columnar epithelium found?
larynx and buccopharyngeal cavity
46
What is the inner most layer of stratified columnar epithelium called?
Germinativum
47
What is hte top layer of stratified squamous epithelium called?
stratum cornium
48
what are the the germinativum of epithelium connected by ?
desmosomes
49
What are glands?
a group of cells that secretes something
50
What is the tissue that make the glands called?
epithelial tissue
51
From which epithelium does the glands originate from?
ectoderm mesoderm endoderm
52
What are the types of glands on the basis of number of cells?
unicellular gands | multicellular glands
53
What are hte two unicellular glands ?
Goblet cells | Peneth cells
54
What are the types of glands on the mode of secretion?
merocrine apocrine holocrine
55
Give some examples of holocrine ?
goblet cells, tear glands intestinal glands mucus glands
56
Where are apocrine found?
``` mammry glands glands near the pubic region skin around anus nipples lips ```
57
Give an axamples of gland that originated from the mesoderm ?
gonads
58
Name a gland that originated form the endoderm?
thyroid
59
Name a glands that originated from the ectoderm?
sweat glands
60
Name a gland that originated from more than one layer ?
adrenal gland -- ectomesodermal gland
61
What are the types of connective tissue?
loose connective tissue dense connective tissue specialised connective tissue
62
What are the types of loose connective tissue?
areolar connective tissue | adipose conective tissue
63
What are the tyeps of dense connective tissue?
dense regular tissue dense irregular tissue
64
Give some examples of dense regular and irregular connective tissue?
tendon and ligament skin
65
What are the types of specialized connective tissue?
skeletal CT fluid CT
66
What are the function of connective tissue?
connect tissue form of packing around organs supporting framework combat foreign toxins rplace tissue damaged by injuries
67
Who first used the term tissue for animals?
Bichat
68
From which germinal latyer des the epithelial tissue arrive?
all three layer
69
Where is stereo ciliated epithelium found ?
Epididymis
70
Give some examples of exocrine glands?
sweat glands , mammary glands , sebaceous glands
71
Give some examples of endocrine glands?
thyroid, pituitary glands
72
Give some examples of mixocrine glands?
testes , ovary , pancrease
73
Give some examples of apocrine?
sweat glands( arm pits), mammary galnds , nipples
74
Give some examples of merocrine?
most sweat glands, goblet cells , tear glands
75
Give some examples of holocrine?
sebacease gland, zies glands , meibomian cells
76
What is the origin of connective tissue?
mesoderm
77
What are the fibres present in the connective tissue?
collagen reticulin elastin
78
What are the chemicals that make up the matrix of connective tissue ?
polysaccharide muco polysaccharide hyluronic acid
79
What are the 11 types of cells present in the connective tissue?
``` fibrobalst collagen fbres reticular fibres macropahge mast cells lymphocytes plasma cells monolocular adipose cells multilocular adipose cells elastin cells mesenchyma cells ```
80
What is the function of fibrobalst cellls?
they secrete collagen and reticulin they make the matrix and is called the cheif matrix producing cells
81
Why does the fibro blast cells have more er?
to secrete the collagen fibres
82
What is teh collagen fibres made up of ?
collagen fibres
83
Which is the most common chemical in the animal kingdom and human body?
collagen
84
What is the other name of reticular fibres?
reticulin
85
What is teh stain taken by reticulin fibres?
silver stain
86
What is the other name of reticular fibres?
arzyzophils
87
Where reticular fibres usually present?
spleen , lymph nodes
88
Is reticular fibers elastic?
no
89
What is the function of mast cells?
``` they secrete: histamine serotonin heparin the matrix ```
90
What is the function of histamine?
vaso dialator
91
What is teh function of heparin?
anti coagulant
92
What is the function of serotonin?
vaso constrictor
93
What is the second largest cell in the plasma of the proper areolar tissue?
macropahage
94
Which is the biggest cell in the areolar tissue proper?
fibro blast
95
Which is cell is the second most abundant in the areolar tissue?
macrophage
96
Which cell is the highest in number in areolar tissue?
fibroblast
97
Are the macrophage granular or agranular?
agranular
98
Why does the macrophage appear to be agranular?
because they have lots of lysosomes which appears like granules
99
What is the other name of macrophage?
histeocytes
100
What is the elastin fibres made up of?
elastin
101
Name the fibre that is highly resistent to chemicals?
elastic fibres
102
What is teh function of mesenchyma?
they make all the cells in an areolar tissue
103
What type of fat is stored in a monolocular adipose tissue?
white fats
104
What type of fat is stored in a multilocular adipose tissue?
brown fats
105
How is the fats distributed in a monolocular adipose tissue>
in hte center of the cell
106
How is fats distributed in a multilocular adipose tissue?
it is located as granules inside the cell membrane
107
What is the function of lymphocyte?
theyare key cells of the immune system and are involved in the production of antibodies
108
Which cells divide to form a plasma cells?
lymphocytes
109
How is the nucleus of hte cytoplasm present in the plasma cells?
radial , cart whee like
110
What is cart wheel cell?
plasma cells
111
What is the function of plasma cells?
they produce and transport antibodies
112
What is the meaning of pleuropotent?
they make other cells just like mesenchyma cell in the areolar tissue
113
What is the chemical name of serotonin?
5-HT ( 5-hydroxy-tryptamine
114
What is the other name of areolar tissue?
they are called spongy connective tissue
115
What are the gaps present in amongst the areolar fibres called in areolar connective tissue called?
areolae
116
Name the three most abundant cells in areolar tissue?
mast cells fibroblast macrophage
117
What is the funciton of areolar tissue?
they form the frame work for the epithelial tissue
118
Where is areolar tissue found in the human body? 6
``` tela subcutanea : sub mucosa of trachea , bronchi , intestine , oesophagus endo mysium peri mysium end neurium also found to support internal organs ```
119
What is the maening of aestrivation ?
summer sleep
120
What are the two types of adipose tissue?
white fats | brown fats
121
Where is brown fat found? 2
new born babies hibernating organisms
122
Which adipose tissue has more mitochondria white or brown?
brown
123
What is the main difference between brown and white fats?
white fat has one globule and brown fat has more than one globule
124
Which adipose tissue stores less energy?
white fats
125
What are the two function of adipose tissue?
store excess energy | shock absorber for internal organs
126
Where is white adipose tissue found? 3
yellow bone marrow blubber of whale hump of camel
127
What is the meaning of cord?
regular connective dense tissue
128
What is the meaning of sheath?
they are not arranged in regular manner
129
What are the types of dense connective tissue?
white fibrous yellow fibrous tissue retiular conective tissue
130
Givae an examole of white fibrous connective tissu ecord?
tendon
131
Where is white sheath connective tissue?q
pericardium periosteum perichondrium epimysium renal capsule tunca albugunea duarmerter cornea tunia adventia of trachea , bronchi ,oesophagus glissons capsule
132
What is the most importatn feature of yellow fibrous tissue ?
less collagen and more elastin fibres
133
What type fo fibre is absent in yellow fibrous connective tisue?
reticular
134
Give an example of yellow dense fibrous cord connective tssue?
ligament
135
Give an example of yellow dense fibrous sheath connective tissue?
wall of alveoli wall of small bronchioles wall of lymph vessle and blood vessel true vocal cord wall of bronchioles
136
What type of tissue is called lymphoid tissue?
reticular fibrous connective tissue
137
Where is reticular organs ?
lymphoid organs
138
What is the function of reticular fibres?
they support the and provide strenght and form the stroma (frame work ) of soft organs
139
Where is reticlar fibres found?
spleen lymph nodes endosteum ( covering of bone marrow )
140
What are the two types of specialzed connective tissue?
skeletal vacular
141
What are the types of skeletal connective tissue ?
cartilage bone
142
What is the outer covering of cartilage called ?
perichondrium
143
Describe the matrix of chrondrium?
it is solid , pliable and can resist compressions
144
What is the catrilage producing cell called ?
chondroblast
145
What are the things that are formed by chondrblast ?
matrix chondrocytes
146
How are chrondrocytes arranged in a cartilage ?
lacunna
147
How many cells are present in a lacunna ?
1-4
148
What are the cells that destroys the cartilage called?
chondroclast
149
What is th ecartilage of matrix made up of ?
chodrotin--1--sulphate , mucopolysaccharide (hyaluronic acid)
150
Is blodd supply present in the matrix of cartilage?
no
151
What are the types of cartilage?
hyalin cartilage elastic cartilage white fibrous cartilage calcified cartilage
152
Which is the most common type of cartilage ?
hyaline cartilage
153
Why is most of the bone of our body is cartilagenous bones?
because most of our embryonic skeleton is made up cartilage
154
What is the color of the matrix of hyaline cartilage?
bluish and transparent
155
Where is hyaline cartilage found?
nasal septum c shaped rings of bronchi larygeal cartilage articular cartilage
156
Where is elastic cartilage found?
tip of the nose ear pinna larynx- elipglottis and cartilage wall of eustachian tube
157
Why perichondrium absent in the white fibrous cartilage ?
because they derive themselves from white fibrous connective tissu
158
Which is the strongest cartilage?
strongest cartilage
159
What is the central part of the intervertebra disc called ?
nucleus palposus
160
Where is white fibrous cartilage found>
connect pelvic halves (pubic symphysis ) intervertebral disc
161
How does the calcified cartlge found?
hyaline cartilage but have calcium deposition that makes it hard
162
In what form is calcium deposited in the bone ?
hydroxy apetitie
163
What is the formula of calcium hydroxyapetite ?
Ca5(PO4)3
164
Give some examples where calcified cartilage is found?
pubis of frog head of femur and humerus
165
What forms the outer most layer of the bone ?
periosteum
166
What is the outer most layer of bone made up of ?
white fibrous CT
167
Where are elastic cartilage found ?
tip of nose ear pinna larynx - epiglottis and cartilage of santorini wall of rustachain tube
168
Where is white fibrous CT found ?
connects the pubic halves or pubic symphysis intervertebral discs
169
What is teh outer most layer of bone called ?
periosteum
170
What is the bone producing cells caled?
osteoblast
171
What is the cells of bone called?
osteocytes
172
Where is osteocytes found in a bone?
lacuna
173
What is the funciton of osteoclast?
they destroy the bone
174
What are hte 5 features of bones ?
it is vascular it is mineralized hard and rigd it has a canalicular structure it has regenrating capacity
175
What are the 5 functions of bones ?
it provides teh structural framework to the body support and protect the soft organs and tissue limb bones serve as weight bearing bones they interact with the muscles to cause movement the bone marrow is also responsible for the production of blood cells
176
What are the two parts of the matrix?
inorganic parts organic parts
177
What is the percentage of inorganic and organic parts of hte bone?
65-68% inorganic part 32-38% organic part
178
What is the composition of the inorganic part f the bones?
Ca3(PO4)2 - 80% CaCO3 - 10% Mg3(PO4)2 - 10%
179
What is the organic parts composition of the bone?
23-35 % ossein | in which their is suspended sulphated mucopolysaccharide
180
What is the meaning of decalcified bone?
if a one is kept in dil HCl for 3 day then complete mineral part of the matrix get dissolved in aicid and organic part of the remaining in hte bone ths it becomes soft and flexible
181
What is the meaning of dried bone?
when the bone is brnt and and then the organic part os the the bone is left it is called dried boen
182
What are the three part of the long bones ?
epiphysis meta physis diaphysis
183
What is the other name of epiphysis called and why?
spongy part and it is called so because it has trabeculae filled with red bone marrow
184
What is teh cavity present in the diaphysis called?
haversian canal
185
What is present in the haversian canal?
white fat and yellow bone marrow
186
Which part of the bone has the red bone marrow?
the epiphysis
187
What si teh epiphyseal plate made up of ?
osteoblast cells
188
What happens to the epiphyseal plate after complete develpment?
the epiphyseal plate s destroyed
189
What are the four major structures in the mammalian bone?
periosteum matrix endosteum bone marrow cavity
190
How many layers is the periosteum composed of?
two layers
191
What is the outer layer of the periosteum composed of ?
White fibrous CT
192
What is the inner periosteum composed of?
single layer of osteoblast cells which then divide to form osteocyte cells
193
What are the tow canals present in the matrix of the bone?
haversian canal volkmannn's canal
194
What are the layers of the matrix of bone called ?
lamellae
195
What are the three types of lamellae present in the bone?
haversian lamellae interstitial lamellae circumferential lamellae
196
What are the components of the haversian canal system?
haversian canal haversian lamellae osteocytes
197
What is the meanign of osteon?
harversian canal system | osteocytes, haversian canal , lamellae
198
Where is each osteocyte present in a bone?
lacuna
199
How is each osteon interconencted with each other ?
cytoplasmic processes
200
What is canaliculi?
the thin processes in the matrix of the bone that connects each osteon with the help of cytoplasmic processes
201
What is interstitial lamellae?
the space between two haversian canal system
202
What is the meanign of circumferential lamellae?
the lamellae present in the periphery of a bone just under the periosteum
203
What are the parts of hte endosteum and what are they composed of ?
towards the bone marrow layer : reticular fibres towrds the matrix of the bone : lined with osteoblast
204
What is the function of bone marrow cavity ?
white bone marrow is present here
205
What are the types of bones ?
crtilagenous bones dermal bones/ membraneous bones sesamoid bones visceral bone
206
What is the meaning of calcified bone?
they are formed after osseification
207
Where is calcified bones found?
the limbs both the top and bottom ribs
208
What are the types of cells present in the calcified bones?
chondroclasts osteoclasts
209
How are dermal bones formed?
they are formed after ossiefication in hte connective tissue of the dermis
210
Where are dermal bones found?
flat bones of the skull nasal bone lower jaw scapula clavice sternum pubis
211
What is sesamoid bones?
the bones developed from the osseification of the dermal bones is called sesamoid bones
212
Where is sesamoid bones found?
patella pisiform
213
What are visceral bones?
the bones formed after the osseification of the visceral organ is called visceral bone
214
Give some examples of visceral bones?
os penis -- baculum os carids -- heart os ---snout of pig os clitoris ---
215
Why is there no blood vessel , lymph vessel and capillarie absent in the epidermal cells?
they are imperveous
216
Which epithelium is called pavement epithelium?
simple squamous epithelium
217
Whihc epitehlium is called tessalated epithelium ?
simple squamous epithelium
218
What is the funciton of simple squamous epithelium?
they are associated with filtration and absorption
219
Where is glandular burhs bordered epithelium found?
small intestine ( ileum , jejunum , duadenum )
220
Give some examples of acrine epitehlium ?
goblet cells, tear cells mucous glands
221
What is the shape of the nucleus of mast cells?
s shaped
222
Which cells are called scavenger cells?
histeocytes , macrophage
223
Which cell is the chief matrix producing ells?
fibro blast
224
Which chemical gives gelatin on boiling?
collagen
225
What fibre is present in hte white fibrous CT?
colagen and elastin and reticulin is absent
226
Which cells are more in white fibrous tissue?
fibro blast cells mast cells
227
What is articular cartilage ?
sometimes the ends of the long bone which were made up of peri osteum is replaced by hyaline cartilage then it is called articular cartilage
228
What is pubic symphysis ?
the cartilage that is responsible for connecting the two parts of the pubic bones
229
What is tilopodia?
the cytoplasmic projectiins that connects one osteocte from other
230
Which connective tissue lines the yellow boen marrow cavity of along bone ?
endusteum . | retucular connective tissue
231
What is endistuem ?
the inner layer of the bone that lines hte yellow boen marrow
232
Which cell is responsible for the formation of the lamellae?
osteocytes
233
Which property of bone is a charecteristic of mammal?
the harversian canal
234
What type of growth takes place in bones?
bi directional
235
Waht type of growth takes place in the cartilage?
uni directional
236
What is the meaning of canaliculi ?
the cytoplasmic processes of osteocytes that are present in the lacuna is called canaliculi
237
Why is there the need for movememnt?
food shelter mate to escape predator (basically everything that bear gyrlls does except mate )
238
How does movement take place in amoeba, euglena and paramoecium ?
amoeba : pseudopodia euglena: flagella cilia : paramoecium
239
What are hte types of muscles ?
voluntary involuntary
240
Give the name of some places where the voluntary muscle is found?
fore limb , hind limb 1/3 of the oesophagus tongue
241
Give the name of the places where hte involuntary muscles is found?
cardiac, heart muscles , heart
242
Name the part of the muscle where the tendon joins to it ?
origin
243
Where is the epimysium found?
around the muscle cover
244
Where is the perimysium found?
they surround fascia
245
Where is the endomysium found?
around each muscle fibre / cell
246
What is the meaning of sarco lemma ?
they are the membrane of the muscle cell
247
What is the length of the a band?
1.5 micro meter
248
What is the length of the i band?
0.5 micro meter
249
What is the meaning of the M line?
it is located in the middle of the sarco mere and joins the myosin
250
What is the meaning of the the H zone ?
it is the less dense part of the sarco mere
251
What are the property of the straited muscle fibre ?
muscle cell syntial ( multi nucleated) sarco plasmic reticulum more mitochndria
252
What is the meaning of syntial ?
multi nucleated
253
What is the full form of the A band ?
aniosotrophic band
254
What is the full form of the I band?
isotrophic band
255
What are the types of filaments?
contractile regulatory structure
256
What are the types of contractile filaments ?
actin and myosin
257
What are the regulatory filaments ?
tropomyosin | troponin
258
What is one unit of myosn called ?
meromyosin
259
What are the parts of the meromyosin ?
LMM and HMM
260
What are the parts of the HMM?
cross arm ( short arm) head
261
What are the parts of the head ?
ATP binding site | Actin binding site
262
Which part of the myosin has the highest ATPase activity?
HEAD
263
What is the single unit of the actin called?
G actin
264
What is the a strand of the actin called?
F actin
265
What is the function of the tropomyosin ?
covers the actin filament
266
What are the three parts of the troponin ?
Tropomyosin binding site Ca++ binding site Inhibitory site
267
What covers the actin filament ?
troponin
268
Descirbe the strucuture of the muscle ? Heirarchy
muscle fascicle muscle fibre
269
What is epimysium?
this covers the muscle
270
What is perimysium?
covers the fascicle `
271
What is the endomysium?
they cover the muscle fibre
272
What is fascilculi?
many muscle fibre combine to form the fasciculi | fascicle
273
Which connective tissue makes up the epimysium?
white conective tisue
274
Whihc connective tissue is present in hte preimysium?
arealar ct
275
Which connective tissue is present in the endomysium?
areolar connective tissue
276
What is teh outer membrane of the muscle fibre called ?
sarcolema
277
Which fibre is present in the sarcolemma?
collagen
278
What is the charecteristics of the muscle ?
they have myofibril
279
What are the potein present in the muslce?
actin and myosin
280
What is the light band called?
i band , isotrpic band
281
What is the dark band called?
a band, anistrophic band
282
What does the light band contain?
they contain actin
283
What does the myosin contain?
they contain myosin
284
Which filaments are called actin?
thinner filaments
285
What filament are called the myosin?
thicker filaments
286
Where is the z band present?
they bisect the i band
287
Where is the m line contain ?
myosin
288
Wich is the h zone?
they only contain the myosin
289
Which is the functional unit of the muscle called ?
sarcomere
290
What is the lenght of hte sarcomere?
2.5 micro meter
291
What is the lenght of the actin filament ?
1 micro meter ---- full lenght 0.5 meter ------ half lenght
292
What is the lenght of the myosin filament?
1.5 micro meter
293
How many actin flament cover the myosin?
6 actin
294
How many myosin filaent surround the actin filament ?
3 myosin
295
What are the parts of a meromysoin?
hmm: heavy mero myosin lmm - light mero myosin
296
Where is the cross arm present?
in hte hm
297
Which part of the meromyosin is the place of hte most active site of ATPase adn has the binding site of the atp?
globular head
298
What are the contractile protein in hte muscle clel?
actin | myosin
299
What ar eth eregulatory protein in hte muscle cell?
troposin and tropomyosin
300
What are the structural parts of the muscl cell?
m line and z line
301
What ar eht parts of the troponin protein?
I inhibitory site T tropomyosin site C Ca++ binding site
302
Where does the Ca++ ions go at the time of relazation?
L-tubules
303
What are the roles of hte atp?
rotation of myosin | detachment of myosin
304
By how much does hte lenght of the i band change duing contraction?
20% less
305
What ar eht etwo types of striated muscle?
red fibre | white fibre
306
What gives the color of the red myosin?
myoglobin
307
Which type of striated muscle is called the aerobic muscle?
red fibrils
308
Which striated muscle contain more mitochondria?
red fibrls
309
On which process does the white muscle cell carry out to make contraction?
anaerobic process
310
Which type of muscle fibre contains less mitochondrai?
white muscle
311
In which type of straited muscle is the number of sarcoplasmic reticulum high ?
whtie muscle
312
Give nine differences of the red and white muscle cell?
1. myoglobin content is high in (red) 2. Sarcoplasmic retiuclum is less intensive in (red ) 3. blood vessel is more extensive (red ) 4. mitochondria is high in (red ) 5. response is slow with long latent period( red) 6. contraction is less powerful ( red) 7. is involcee in sustained period (red) 8. fatigue occurs slowly (red) 9. depends on cellular respiration for energy( red)
313
What is the othe name of the involuntary muscle?
non skeletal muscle unstraited visceral
314
What is teh shape of the involuntary muscle?
spindle shape
315
How are the non straited muscle connected?
gap junction
316
How many nucleus is present in the involuntary muscle?
one
317
Wy is the cytoplasm of the involuntary muscle called sarcoplasm?
because they have myofibrils in scattered form in the cytoplasm
318
Which filament is present more in number at the cytoplsm of the involuntary muscle fibre ?
actin is more than myosin fibre
319
On what is the involuntaty muscle dependent for Ca+= ions?
ecf
320
Why is the involuntary muscle called the non fatigue muscle?
because they remain in the contracted stage for a long time
321
Where is th cardiac muscle found?
cardaic muscle
322
Describe the structure of the cardaic muscle?
cylindrical muscle fibre is branched intercalated disc is present
323
What is the junciton region of the cardaic muscle called?
junctional region
324
What is the intercalated junciotn made up of ?
sarcolemma
325
What are pacemakers that controls the cardiac muscle?
SAN, AVN,purkinje fibre
326
Is oblique bridge and the intercalated disc the same thing ?
no
327
What are the funciton of the flexor?
they move the muscle in the upward direction
328
What is teh funciotn of hte extensor muscel?
they move the fore arm in the down ward motion
329
Give an example of flexor muscle?
biceps brachii
330
Give an example of extensor muslce?
tricpes
331
What isthe funciton of the abductor muscle?
move the arms towards the body axis
332
What is the funciton of hte abductor muscle?
they move the upper and the lower limb away form hte body
333
Give an example of adductor muscle?
lattismus dorsi
334
Give an example of abductor muscle?
deltoid muscle
335
Where is hte gastrocnemius muscle present?
teh calf muscle
336
Which is the largest muscle in the human body?
glutus maximus
337
Whichis the smallest muscle in the human body
stapedius
338
How many muscle are present in humans?
639
339
Numebr of paired muscles?
634
340
Number of unpaired muscle?
5
341
Number of straited muscel?
400
342
Number of back muscle?
180
343
Which is the longest smooth muscle?
the smooth muscle present in the uterus of a pregnent lady
344
Which is the strongest muscel?
masseter muscle ( jaw muscle)
345
What is the shape of the mast cells?
they are amoiboid and S shaped nucleus

Porsche 911 turboS (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions