1.3 : Cell Biology

Question 1

What did Robert Hooke do ?

Answer 1

he discovered cell cork

Question 2

What did Anton Van Leeuwenhoek find?

Answer 2

saw the first living cell

Question 3

What did Robert Brown figure out?

Answer 3

he discovered nucleus

Question 4

Who proposed the hypothesis that the bodies of animals and plants are composed of cells and products of cell ?

Answer 4

T Schwann

Question 5

What was the edit done to the cell theory by Robert Vrichow?

Answer 5

new cells arrived from older cells

Question 6

What is the structural frame of the plasma memrbrane?

Answer 6

lipid

Question 7

What is meant by the quasifluid nature of the membrane?

Answer 7

it enables the lateral movement of the protein

Question 8

What is the composition of cell wall?

Answer 8

cellulose , galactans, mannans, and minerals like calcium carbonate

Question 9

What is the composition of plant cell wall?

Answer 9

cellulose , hemicellulose , pectins and proteins

Question 10

What is the composition of middle lamellae?

Answer 10

ca and Mg pectate

Ca is 90%

Question 11

What forms the skeleton of the cell wall?

Answer 11

cellulose microfilament

Question 12

What forms the matrix of the cell wall?

Answer 12

pectin , hemicellulose

Question 13

Which of them are carbs and which of ther are lipids:

1) cellulose
2) suberin
3) hemicellulose
4) cutin
5) lignin
6) pectin

Answer 13

1,2,3,6 are carbohydrate

Question 14

What is the function of plasmodesmata?

Answer 14

it leads to the continuity of the cytoplasm of adjacent of plant cells

Question 15

What is the desmotubule made up of?

Answer 15

ER tubules (SER)

Question 16

What are the two parts of cytoplasm? and what are they ?

Answer 16

1) cytosol : liquid part

2) trophoplasm : solid part

Question 17

What is deutoplasm?

Answer 17

it is the part of the cytoplasm that is food

Question 18

Which type of ER contains more tubules and cisternae one by one ?

Answer 18

SER: tubules

RER : cisternae

Question 19

On which part of the ER are the ribosome attached to and what attached it to it?

Answer 19

cisternae

ribophorin 1 and ribophorin 2

Question 20

What forms the visual pigments?

Answer 20

SER

Question 21

What is the optimal pH for the enzyme of lysosomes to act?

Answer 21

pH 5

Question 22

Why type of enzyme is present in the lysosome?

Answer 22

acidic hydrolase

Question 23

What are the types of lysosome?

Answer 23

1) primary
2) secondary
3) residual
4) phagocytotic

Question 24

Which organelle is polymorphic?

Answer 24

lysosomes

Question 25

What is the differnece between autolysis and autophagy?

Answer 25

autolysis : destrying cells of the same organism | autophagy : eating its own organelle or itself

Question 26

Is the dissolution of the tail of the tadpole autolysis or autophagy?

Answer 26

autolysis

Question 27

What carries out the dissolution of the tail of the tadpole?

Answer 27

cathepsin

Question 28

What is stored in the vacuole?

Answer 28

water , sap , excretory product

Question 29

What is the function of contractile vacuole ?

Answer 29

osmoregulation and excretion

Question 30

What is the meaning of glycosidation and glycosylation?

Answer 30

glycosidation: carb + lipid | glycosylation : carb + protein

Question 31

What is the correct origin of lysosomes? 1) ER - GOLGI - LYSOSOME 2) GOLGI - ER - LYSOSOME 3) NUCLEUS - GOLGI - LYSOSOME 4) MITO- ER- GOLGI - LYSOSOME

Answer 31

1)

Question 32

What type of genetic material of the mitochondria composed of?

Answer 32

single circular DNA

Question 33

What is the type of genetic material of chloroplast?

Answer 33

ds circular DNA

Question 34

What is the difference between the inner lumen of mito and chloroplast?

Answer 34

chloroplast: carb + protien | mito : protien

Question 35

Which of the following depends on the parent DNA for some amount of protien : 1) mito 2) chloroplast 3) both

Answer 35

1)mito

Question 36

What is the pigment that is water soluble?

Answer 36

anthocyanin

Question 37

Where are the chromoplast usually present?

Answer 37

in pericarp and petals

Question 38

What gives the red color to the tomato/

Answer 38

lycopene

Question 39

What are the pigments present in the chromoplast?

Answer 39

carotene , xanthophyll , red and yellow color part of the plant

Question 40

What are the pigments present in the chromoplast?

Answer 40

chlorophylll and carotenoid

Question 41

What is the space in the chloroplast called?

Answer 41

stroma

Question 42

What is the space in the thylakoid called?

Answer 42

lumen

Question 43

From where does the chloroplast derive from?

Answer 43

proplastid

Question 44

What orgnasim lead to the endosymbiotic theory

Answer 44

cynobacteria

Question 45

What is the minimum concentration of the Mg for the two subunits of the ribosomes to attach?

Answer 45

0.001 M Mg++

Question 46

Give some examples where mircotubules present?

Answer 46

associated with cell wall as they transport substances from the golgi to the plasma membrane spindles fibres

Question 47

Give some examples of microfilaments?

Answer 47

actin

Question 48

What is blephroplast?

Answer 48

centriole /( basal body flagella and cillia )

Question 49

What is the central part of centriole present?

Answer 49

proteinecous hub

Question 50

Give some examples of micro bodies?

Answer 50

1) peroxisome 2) glycoxysomes 3) sphaerosome

Question 51

What helps in beta oxidization of fatty acid?

Answer 51

peroxisome

Question 52

What caries out the glycoxylate cycle in plant cell and which cell ?

Answer 52

glycoxysomes in fatty seeds

Question 53

What dye and what type of dye was used to stain the chromatin material by Flemming?

Answer 53

acetlycarmine

Question 54

Dikaryotic ceell :

Answer 54

paramoecium

Question 55

What is the width of pernuclear space?

Answer 55

10-50 nm

Question 56

What is present in the nucleoplasm?

Answer 56

nucleotide, neucleoside , ATP, protein , enzymes

Question 57

What is the chromatin fibres composed of?

Answer 57

DNA, RNA , basic histon(arganine, lysine) and non histone protein

Question 58

What is the difference between heterchromatin and euchromatin ?

Answer 58

heterochromatin: more stain and less active euchromatin: less stain and more active

Question 59

What is the best type to study the chromosome ?

Answer 59

metaphase because it is the shorest during this time

Question 60

When is the best time to study the shape of chromosome?

Answer 60

anaphase

Question 61

What is the letter used to represent teh longer and the shorter size of chromosome?

Answer 61

p : short arm | q : long arm

Question 62

Where is teloplast present?

Answer 62

mice

Question 63

What is the lenght of human DNA in a cell?

Answer 63

2m

Question 64

When does the chromosome have double chromatid?

Answer 64

prophase and metaphase

Question 65

When does the chromosome have single chromatid?

Answer 65

anaphase and telophase

Question 66

What attached the chromosome to the spindle fibre?

Answer 66

kinetochore

Question 67

What is the other name of secondary constriction? IN which human chromosome are they found?

Answer 67

NOR : nuclear organizer | they are present in 13,14,15,21,22,

Question 68

What is telomere ?

Answer 68

the non sticlky end of the chromosome called telomere

Question 69

What is the code for telomere?

Answer 69

5' - TTAGGG - 3'

Question 70

What is the flagella of the prokaryotes made up of?

Answer 70

flagellin

Question 71

What was the robert son model of plasma memrbane?

Answer 71

protien layer and lipid layer in hte middle

Question 72

The fluid nature of the membrane provides function like : (which of the follwing) 1) formation of intercellular junction 2) cell growth 3) cell division 4) phagocytosis 5) secretion

Answer 72

1,2,3,4,5