2.16-2.21 Flashcards
The president who was president from 1933-1945. He was the one who did the fireside chats
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)
Series of domestic programs, public work project, and financial reforms/regulations enacted by President FDR
New Deal
3 r’s
Reform, relief, recovery
a broad category of infrastructure projects, financed and procured by a government body for recreational, employment, and health and safety uses in the greater community.
Public works
A law passed by Congress to stabilize the banking system after the Great Depression:
Emergency Banking act of 1933
law that separated commercial and investment banking to restore confidence in the banking system after the 1929 stock market crash
Glass Steagall Act (Banking act of 1933)
A government corp created to supply deposit insurance to depositors in america. Created during the Banking act of 1933
FDIC
Federal agency that regulates the securities industry in the US in order to avoid market manipulation. EG - requires the disclosure of important market info
SEC (Securities and exchange commission)
Act aimed to stimulate the economy during the great depression
NIRA (National Industrial Recovery Act)
The act that makes it clear that it is a policy of the US to encourage labor unions by protecting workers’ full freedom of association
National Labor Relations Act
Federal program that provides retirement benefits and disability income to qualified individuals and their spouses, children and survivors.
Social Security
Act that was designed to provide immediate econ relief to farmers during the great depression
AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act)
A gov agency developed to assist in aiding the US in the industrial production of materials for the US army. Coordinated and channeled production.
War Industries Board (WW1)
Converted the factories of peacetime industries into manufacturing plants for weapons and military equipment for the fight.
War production Board (WW2)
During ww2, the government set limits on purchasing certain high demand items.
Rationing
It was a group that helped controlled all war related news and promoted the war effort through propaganda.
Office of Public information (WW1)
federal agency established by President Roosevelt’s Executive Order 9182 of June 13, 1942, to conduct the government’s wartime information and propaganda programs.
Office of War Information (WW2)
This was created in ww2 to put a “ceiling on prices” for goods and limit consumption by rationing.
Office of Price Administration (WW2)
A debt security issued by a government to finance military operations during times of war or conflict. (Bonds issued by gov so ppl could buy and support the war effort)
War bonds
A law that provided a range of benefits - such as education assistance and low interest loans for homes, farms, etc - for returning ww2 veterans.
GI Bill (servicemen’s Readjustment Act)
Post ww2. More babies were born as men came home after war and settled down and started families.
Baby Boom (1946-1964)
Population shift from cities/rural areas into suburbs. They were created as a result of single families buying homes and moving out of the city.
Suburbanization
the class that rose after the second ww and the baby boom. These people could buy suburban homes.
Middle class
The movement of people within a country, as individuals or groups relocate from one region to another. Dust Bowl caused this, and it happened again because of the Great Depression
Internal migration
The discriminatory practice in the United States where banks, mortgage lenders, and other financial institutions systematically denied loans, insurance, and other financial services to people living in certain neighborhoods, often based on racial or ethnic composition rather than individual creditworthiness.
redlining
Legal agreements embedded in property deeds that restricted the sale, lease, or transfer of property to specific groups of people, often based on race, religion, or ethnicity. Were a key tool in maintaining racial segregation in housing in the United States, particularly during the 19th and 20th centuries.
Restrictive covenants
President who came up with the great society idea.
Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ)
A series of domestic programs and policy initiatives launched by President Lyndon B. Johnson in the mid-1960s. The goal was to eliminate poverty and racial injustice while improving the quality of life for all Americans. It marked one of the most ambitious reform agendas in U.S. history.
Great society
Part of the Great Society program aimed to reduce poverty and economic inequality in the US
War on poverty
Part of LBJ’s war on Poverty. Established under the higher
Teacher Corp
provides healthcare coverage for Americans aged 65+, and some younger people with disabilities. Funded federally
Medicare
Funded by state and federal government. Provides healthcare for low income families.
Medicaid
A federal agency meant to support and fund artistic and cultural projects in the US
National Endowment for the arts
federal agency created to support research, education, and public programs in the humanities (part of Great Society initiatives)
National Endowment for the Humanities
legislation that provided federal funding for primary and secondary schools, especially those for low-income students.
Elementary and Secondary education act
Act that expanded federal funding for housing, improve urban development, and combat poverty in American cities
Housing and urban development act
First major federal laws aimed at controlling air pollution in the United States. It expanded the government’s role in monitoring and regulating air quality, though it lacked strong enforcement mechanisms.
Air quality act of 1967
When a country imports more than it exports
trade deficit
when the general prices of things go up, leading to a decrease in purchasing power.
Inflation
High inflation, slow economic growth, and high unemployment
Stagflation
Measure of economic distress felt by people. Created in the 1970s to provide a snapshot of the US economy
Misery Index
international oil cartel to coordinate oil production and pricing among major oil-producing nations.
OPEC
government imposed ban on trade w/ a specific country or countries. Used as political/economic tools to pressure nations into changing their policies.
Embargo
Member of democratic party; President known for emphasis on human rights, energy policy, and foreign diplomacy
Jimmy Carter
the industrial region in the NE and midwestern US that experienced economic decline, deindustrialization, and population loss starting in the 1970s and 1980s.
Rust Belt
the region in the S and W US that experienced rapid population growth and economic expansion form the mid 20th century onward. Major center for manufacturing, tech, and services.
Sunbelt
Increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of the world’s economies, societies, and cultures through trade, communication, technology, and movement of people
Globalization
Policies under this president that included: Free trade agreements, reducing the federal deficit, tax increases on the wealthy, welfare reform, continued deregulation of the banking industry
Clintonomics
key changes in U.S. social welfare policies aimed at addressing poverty, providing public assistance, and promoting self-sufficiency. These reforms often involved adjusting eligibility criteria, the role of the federal government, and the delivery of benefits.
Welfare reforms
When jobs moved away from manufacturing based industries to service oriented jobs. Many jobs are lost.
Deindustralization
A stock market bubble when internet-based companies were invested in a lot more than other companies in the late 1990s.
Dotcom Bubble
Created a free trade area between Canada, the US and Mexico. Trade *=3;
NAFTA
