20th century Flashcards
WW1
1914-1918 “Transition War”
M: militarism (new weapons)
A: Alliances (Central Powers vs. Allies)
N: Nationalism (Russia aids Serbia)
I: Disputes in spheres of Influence
A: Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (After A-H annexes land around Serbia)
effects: new weapons, help women have jobs and 30+ vote
Treaty of Versailles: severely limited Germany’s military, Poland gets E. Prussia and divides Germany (:c), War guilt clause: Germany has to pay for all damage as reparations
Russian Revolution
1917 Dismantled Tsarist Autocracy into Soviet Union after Nicholas ii abdicates
G’ment replaced by provisional g’ment: continued war so unpopular; then replaced by Bolshevik g’ment (Lenin) after Russian Civil War in 1918
New Economic Policy
1921 - Lenin implemented this after realizing War communism led to famine
Some private economic businesses allowed
Five Year Plan
1928-1932 Stalin beats Trotsky (but uses his fast industrialization plan)
Sole focus on coal, steel, iron, electricity (no consumerism)
Collectivization
Great Depression
1929-1932 :( state of economy everywhere after WW1
Germany: Weimar government, hyperinflation (retenmark replaced mark), stock market crash, farmers out of business
-Nazi propoganda!
British: Labor g’ment, Socialists, protective tariffs, National g’ment
France: Popular Front (Socialist)
Hitler became Chancellor
1933 Government needed Nazi support
WW2
1939-1945 League of Nations useless; “Policy of Appeasement” - let Hitler do what he wants ex. Chamberlain
Alan Turing and the Enigma, Concentration Camps, Battle of Stalingrad, Battle of the Bulge, Atomic Bomb on Japan
Effects: Women more independence/ sexual freedoms, Golden Age of Physics, Cold War
Partition of India
1947 Process of decolonization
British leaves India- creates a power vacuum Muslim League (minorities) create Pakistan, E. Pakistan becomes Bangladesh "The Day India Burned"
Cuban Missile Crisis
1962 US vs. Soviet Union almost engage in nuclear war bc both sides placing nukes near each other.
Ends w/ Nuclear test ban treaty - avoiding nuclear war
Berlin Wall
1961 German Democratic Republic (communist) builds this to stop East Berliners from escaping to the West
Vietnam War
1955-1975 France refusing to let go of Vietnam colony
Vietnam united as Communist
SALT 1
1972 limiting intercontinental ballistic missiles
-Helsinki Accord: Improve relations between communist and west bloc
End of USSR
1992 Gorbachev intended to keep communism (loosely) w/ perestroika (economic movement) and glasnost (open criticisms)
renounced Brezhnev Doctrine
Conservatives coup’, Gorbachev resign - Soviet Union becomes Commonwealth of Independent States
Treaty of Maastricht
1992 Led to Euro and Strong central bank
1993 EEC European Union
-greece screws them over later
