2020 Old Exam

Question 1

Epi released from the adrenal medulla is considered a

Answer 1

hormone

Question 2

If a pt is taking albuterol (a beta-agonist), do not give

Answer 2

a beta blocker

Question 3

What fires at once “all or nothing”

Answer 3

Sympathetic

Question 4

Sympathetic is…

Answer 4

Short preganglionic fibers, long postganglionic fibers

Question 5

Preganglionic fibers release

Answer 5

ach

Question 6

What breaks down Ach

Answer 6

cholinesterase

Question 7

adrenergic fibers release what

Answer 7

Norepinephrine

Question 8

When developing a dry mouth drug, what do you target

Answer 8

M3 Muscarinic 3

Question 9

Which of the following is an irreversible indirect acting cholinergic

pick the one that isn’t reversible (‘-stigmine’ agents, donepezil,
galantamine)

Answer 9

parathion

Question 10

Cevimeline

Answer 10

Increases salivation and lacrimation

Question 11

What regenerates AChE

Answer 11

pralidoxime

Question 12

What does atropine not do

Answer 12

Bronchoconstriction (b/c it does bronchodilation)

Question 13

What does atropine not treat

Answer 13

paralysis

Question 14

What is a quaternary amine that is used to dry secretions

Answer 14

glycopyrrolate

Question 15

What is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

Answer 15

succinylcholine

Question 16

Which of the following neuromuscular blockers will result in an increase in serum potassium

Answer 16

succinylcholine

Question 17

What mediates actin-myosin binding?

Answer 17

calcium

Question 18

Which of the following drugs results in dry mouth and sedation and binds to a histamine receptor

Answer 18

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Question 19

T/F: variation is defined as diff drug concentrations at sites of drug action or by different responses to the same drug concentration

Answer 19

True

Question 20

(had a description of the pt taking amitriptyline and its ability to block alpha-1
receptors). What type of variation is this

Answer 20

pharmacodynamic

Question 21

Chinese do not metabolize alcohol well and get an increase in what in their plasma

Answer 21

acetaldehyde

Question 22

Older pts have what phase of metabolism impaired resulting in drug accumulation

Answer 22

phase 1

Question 23

Pregnant pt takes lithium which is excreted through the kidney. How her pregnancy
affect the drug concentration of lithium?

Answer 23

decrease lithium level

Question 24

Pregnant pt have ____ RBF and ____ GFR

Answer 24

increase , increase

Question 25

Pt is taking a drug with codeine. what effect occurs due to the pt’s drugs

Answer 25

slowed absorption

Question 26

What anti-epileptic medication results in gingival hyperplasia and affects CYP450 3A4

Answer 26

Phenytoin (be careful b/c all 3 anti-epileptic medications were listed)

Question 27

Which of the following adverse effects is independent of the main pharmacological action?

Answer 27

Clozapine and seizures

Question 28

What is an example of a non-covalent interaction of toxin-induced cell damage?

Answer 28

hydrogen peroxide

Question 29

What results from the covalent modification of DNA

Answer 29

mutagenesis

Question 30

What results in anaphylactic shock

Answer 30

penicillin

Question 31

Which of the following drugs results in less platelet count

Answer 31

valproic acid/ divalprox

Question 32

At what phase do Na+ channels open

Answer 32

phase 0

Question 33

On a ECG, which of the following is atrial depolarization

Answer 33

p wave

Question 34

Which of the following cardiac arrhythmias is <60bpm

Answer 34

bradycardia

Question 35

Which of the following drugs has an altered taste

Answer 35

propafenone class Ic

Question 36

Which of the following classes serves as a beta-blocker

Answer 36

class II

Question 37

Which of the following classes serves as a potassium channel blocker

Answer 37

class III

Question 38

Which of the following drugs results in QT prolongation and increased risk for TdP

Answer 38

Dofetilide a class III

Question 39

Which of the following drugs is a “slow” L-type calcium channel blocker

Answer 39

ditiazem a class IV

Question 40

Which of the following drugs will result in gingival hyperplasia

Answer 40

Amlodipine a class IV dihydropyridine (b/c ends in ‘-dipine’)

Question 41

Cardiac output is a function of stroke volume and

Answer 41

heart rate

Question 42

Which of the following is a phosphodiesterase-3 enzyme inhibitor

Answer 42

milrinone

Question 43

Which of the following drugs increases O2 supply but does not change O2 demand

Answer 43

nitroglycerin

Question 44

Which of the following drugs inhibits late inward sodium current in ischemic myocardium

Answer 44

ranolazine

Question 45

Which of the following ischemic heart diseases is due to a fixed blockage and not plaque rupture

Answer 45

Stable ischemic heart disease 🡨 the rest were acute coronary syndrome, which is due to plaque rupture