2019 Exam 3

Question 1

If a drug is not producing the effect that it’s supposed to, the FDA has the right to take it off the shelves

Answer 1

true

Question 2

A patient with gingivitis hates the taste of chx mouthwash. What else could they use?

Answer 2

.2%TTO

Question 3

What drug has a similar effect of captopril without the side effect of cough

Answer 3

sartans

Question 4

All of the following ultimately result in an increase in cGMP EXCEPT

Answer 4

Hydralazine

MOA: decreases Ca++ through direct acting interference on IP3, so there is no increase in CGMP or CAMP.

Question 5

Fibrates work by

Answer 5

Binding to the PPAR alpha nuclear receptor and increasing its activity

Question 6

Which drug decreases the cholesterol of absorption and can be combined with statins?

Answer 6

Ezetimibe

Question 7

Which drug has the major side effect of flushing?

Answer 7

niacin

Question 8

What does PCSK-9 do?

Answer 8

Answer:
promotes degradation of the LDL receptors

Explanation

that is why to lower LDL, we must use a PCSK-9 Inhibitor to keep the PCSK-9 to degrade LDL.

—-> that is my explanation, let me know if you disagree.

Question 9

Named a statin. What is the major ADR

Answer 9

myopathy

Question 10

What drug inhibits VKORC1?

Answer 10

warfarin

Question 11

Argatroban is monitored using what 0parameter?

Answer 11

aPTT

Argatroban is `a Direct thrombin inhibitor.

Question 12

what converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

Answer 12

renin

Question 13

What is the key mediator in fibrinolysis?

Answer 13

plasmin

Question 14

St John’s wart is a major inducer of drugs that are metabolized by what

Answer 14

3A4

Question 15

What binds to the PAR-1 receptor?

Answer 15

thromboxane A2

Question 16

Which of the following is true o0f cAMP?

Answer 16

Increased cAMP leads to vasodilation

Question 17

Which of the following blocks L type calcium channels?

Answer 17

• dipines

explanation: these are direct acting vasodilators. The example given was amlodipine.

Question 18

Which of the following has the side effect of hair growth?

Answer 18

minoxidil

this drug opens Katp channels and turns off the voltage gated Ca2+ channels

Question 19

Which increases intracellular NO?

Answer 19

Sodium nitroprusside

Question 20

Someone with marked limitation is classified as what by WHO?

Answer 20

Class III

explanation:

this is referring to pulmonary hypertension

Question 21

Which of the following is a PDE-5 inhibitor?

Answer 21

Sildenafil

explanation: this is a drug that has drug to drug interaction with Sodium Nitroprussides.

Question 22

When does IP3 cause vasoconstriction?

Answer 22

When Ca is released from the SR

EXPLANATION
Hydralazine works to combat this

Question 23

Which of the following has the highest proportion of TGs

Answer 23

chylomicrons

Descending order: chylo-, VLDL, LDL, and HDL

Question 24

Which of the following is good cholesterol

Answer 24

HDL

Question 25

10 year risk assessment is

Answer 25

ASCVD Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease markers

Question 26

When cholesterol and TGs are taken in from the diet, what pathway are they metabolized by?

Answer 26

exogenous

Question 27

Which of the following has intense GI problems?

Answer 27

welchol MOA: binds bile acid preventing resorption. Mainly has GI effect.

Question 28

Which of the following affects Xa and thrombin?

Answer 28

heparin MOA: heparin activates antithromin III which inhibits thrombin and factor Xa

Question 29

Negative effect of bile acid binding agents?

Answer 29

increased TGs

Question 30

Which of the following is a PCSK9 inhibitor?

Answer 30

Evoloumab PCSK9 prmotoes the degradation of LDL receptors, but evoloumab, which is a PCSK9 inhibitor keeps the LDL receptors around to degrade LDL.

Question 31

If supplements have a proprietary blend, they do not have to list out the individual ingredients?

Answer 31

true

Question 32

Which of the following interferes with the final platelet aggregation?

Answer 32

Eptifibatide is a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors

Question 33

Patient wants supplement that increases salivary flow

Answer 33

Co-Q

Question 34

Which of the following helps with burning mouth?

Answer 34

Alpha lipoic acid

Question 35

Which of the following has the shortest onset of action?

Answer 35

cangrelor Cangrelar is a P2Y12 inhibitor and has an onset action time of 2 minutes.

Question 36

Which factor is not vitamin K dependent

Answer 36

factro IV

Question 37

Which of the following is an anti-fibrinolytic agent?

Answer 37

Aminocaproic acid this antifibrinic agent works to prevent plasminogen to plasmin and fibrin to clot formation..

Question 38

Which of these can be taken orally, inhalation, intravenous, and subcutaneously? - Sildenafil - Treprostinil - Bosentan

Answer 38

treprostinil

Question 39

A patient wants to take 250mg of ginger before treatment and 250mg after treatment. What should you tell her?

Answer 39

That’s fine as long as she takes the dose as she described above

Question 40

A patient likes to take Valium but you know they also took Echinacea, which inhibits the enzyme that normally metabolizes Valium. What should you tell the patient?

Answer 40

Be careful driving home bc the effects will be increased

Question 41

A patient undergoes radiation therapy. Which of the following can you use to prevent oral mucositis? ``` a- Tea tree oil B- Chamomile C- Co-enzyme Q10 D- Tumeric E- B and D ```

Answer 41

B and D

Question 42

Which of the following should have a warming to avoid drinking alcohol?

Answer 42

Valerian

Question 43

You colleague does not believe in taking or prescribing dietary substances. Which of the following would you NOT do? A- Ask because it can have drug interactions with medications you prescribe B-Ask because it could cause increased risks in the procedure C-Both of the above are true D- There is no need to ask the patient about these supplements.

Answer 43

d- There is no need to ask the patient about these supplements.

Question 44

The 4 Gs cause increased bleeding risk due to what mechanism?

Answer 44

Decrease platelet activation and platelet aggregation

Question 45

Which of the following does IIb/IIIa receptor do?

Answer 45

Platlet Aggregation