2020 Exam 3

Question 1

1. Which drug prevents conversion from angiotensinogen  angiotensin I

Answer 1

a. Aliskiren

Aliskerin is a direct renin inhibitor. We know that renin convert angiotensinogen into angiotensin I. Therefore aliskerin prevents renin from converting angiotensinogen into angiotensin I

Question 2

2. What is a side effect of ACE inhibitors due to bradykinin (occurs 10% of the time)

Answer 2

a. Cough

ACE inhibitors stop both ACE (in vasoconstriction) and KININASE II (in vasodialation).

Its affect on Kininase II causes build up of bradykinn and results in a cough and angioedema.

Question 3

3. Which of the following drugs does not have an adverse drug reaction of hyperkalemia

Answer 3

a. Minoxidil

This is because minoxidil opens KATP channels and turns off voltage gated Ca channels

Question 4

4. What receptor results in vasoconstriction, bronchoconstriction, and increased aldosterone secretion when endothelin-1 binds to it

Answer 4

a. Eta

Typically we know endothelins as vasocontrictiors, along with angiotensin II

ETa- is the receptor type that always “constrictions”

ETb- is the receptor that does vasodialtion, and inhibition of platelet aggregation

Question 5

5. What is the effect of nitric oxide

Answer 5

a. Increase in cGMP

compare that to prostaglandin which increases CAMP and decreased CA++

Question 6

6. What activates adenylyl cyclase resulting in an increase in cAMP

Answer 6

a. Prostacyclin

Question 7

7. What results in hair growth

Answer 7

a. Minoxidil

Question 8

8. Sildenafil is a part of what classification

Answer 8

a. PDE-5 inhibitors

Question 9

9. Pulmonary arterial HTN is considered what group by WHO?

Answer 9

Class I

Question 10

10. What drug decreases formation of IP3 through blocking ETa receptors

Answer 10

a. Bosentan

this is an endothelin 1 recptor antagonist: we know endothelin

Question 11

11. What drug can be taken orally, inhaled, IV, or subcutaneously

Answer 11

a. Treprostinil

Question 12

12. What is bad cholesterol

Answer 12

a. LDL

Question 13

13. What is good cholesterol

Answer 13

HDL

Question 14

14. A 50yo lady smokes tobacco, has high blood pressure, and diabetes mellitus. How many risk factors for atherosclerotic disease does she have

Answer 14

a. 3

the risk factors include: 
men great or = to 45 
women older or = to 55 
DM
Fat
hyperlipidemia
HTN
smoking
lazy

Question 15

15. What -statin ha the least amount of drug-drug interaction

Answer 15

a. Pravastatin

Question 16

16. Which drug has pleiotrophic effects such as plaque stabilization and reduced inflammation

Answer 16

a. -statin

Question 17

17. Which of the following drugs is pregnancy a contraindication

Answer 17

a. -statin

Question 18

18. What is a rare reaction of Simvastatin

Answer 18

a. Memory loss

Question 19

19. (it was a drug with -fib- in it, so it is a fibrate) has what mechanism of action

Answer 19

a. Agonist of PPARa nuclear receptor increasing lipoprotein lipase levels

Question 20

20. Bile acid binding agents do what?

Answer 20

a. Increase triglycerides

Question 21

21. Ezetimibe has what mechanism of action

Answer 21

a. Blocks the NPC1L1 transport protein

this transport protien is locateds in the enterocyte

Question 22

22. Which drug has an adverse drug reaction of flushing

Answer 22

a. Niacin

Question 23

23. What does PCSK-9 inhibitors mainly do

Answer 23

a. Decrease LDL

Question 24

24. What is the term for stopping bleeding from an injured blood vessel

Answer 24

a. Hemostasis

Question 25

25. What are the 3 Virchow’s Triad?

Answer 25

a. Stasis, vessel wall injury, hypercoagulability

Question 26

26. What is the vitamin K-dependent clotting factor

Answer 26

a. There were 2 right answers (II, VII) the vitamin K dependent are 2, 7, 9, 10

Question 27

27. What stage does thrombin come into play

Answer 27

a. Activation

Question 28

28. What is the mechanism of action for TPA TPA= Tissue Plasminogen Activator

Answer 28

a. Converting plasminogen to plasmin

Question 29

29. Which of the following is an anti-fibrinolytic medication

Answer 29

a. Tranexamic acid the two Antifibrinolytic meds are: - aminocaproic acid - tranedxamic acid

Question 30

30. Which of the following drugs has an adverse drug reaction of a “purple toe”

Answer 30

a. Warfarin

Question 31

31. Which of the following drugs has a mechanism of action regarding the inhibition of VKORC1

Answer 31

a. Warfarin

Question 32

32. What is the coagulation parameter for warfarin

Answer 32

a. INR

Question 33

33. What drug results in the activation of antithrombin III which inhibits factor Xa (NOT thrombin)

Answer 33

a. Tinzaparin i. ^ low molecular weight heparin compare this to the function of whole herparin: Which affects both Xa and thrombin.

Question 34

34. Which drug inhibits the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Answer 34

a. Edoxaban this is a factor Xa inhibitor. This means whether the intrisic 12, 11, 9, 10 OR the extrinsic which ic TF+7a to Xa to Thrombin. both are stopped at the level before prothromin.

Question 35

35. Which of the following is a P2Y12 inhibitor

Answer 35

a. Clopidogrel

Question 36

36. What drug is associated with shortness of breath

Answer 36

a. Ezetimibe I couldn't find this in the slide.

Question 37

37. Which drug has GI problems

Answer 37

a. Colestipol