2019 mock- no answers Flashcards
1)Purposivesamplingiswheretheresearcher:
(a)Randomlyselectspotentialparticipantsfromapopulatio
(b)Selectsparticipantsbasedupontheneedsofthestudy
(c)Selectsparticipantsbasedontheiraccessibilityandproximitytotheresearcher
(d)Reliesonathirdpartytonominateaparticipant
(b)Selectsparticipantsbasedupontheneedsofthestudy
2) Qualitative and quantitative research approaches have different underlying assumptions. Identify a key assumption made when undertaking quantitative research.
(a) Quantitative research is generally based on inductive reasoning
(b) Quantitative research is generally based on deductive reasoning
(c) Quantitative research is focused on the analysis of thoughts, feelings and emotions
(d) Quantitative research is not analytical
(b) Quantitative research is generally based on deductive reasoning
3) Thefollowingrepresentlengthofstayindaysfor10patientsfollowinghospitalisationfordepression:6,5,7,9,11,8,15,12,5,2.
Whichmeasureiscorrect?(a)Mode is 8 days
(b)Median is 6.5 days
(c)Mode is 7 days
(d)Mean is 8 days
(d)Mean is 8 days
4)Where a p-value has been set in line with standard convention; if the results from a clinical trial indicate that the differences between two groups have a p-value of <0.04, what does this mean?
(a) The results are clinically significant
(b) The results are not statistically significant
(c)The results are statistically significant
(d) The results are both clinically and statistically significant
(c)The results are statistically significant
5) Why is randomisation to groups important in a randomised controlled trial?
(a) It ensures representation of the target population
(b) It ensures equal distribution of characteristics between groups
(c) It ensures double blinding
(d) It ensures allocation concealment
(a) It ensures representation of the target population
6) Why would data triangulation commonly be used?
(a) To collect data using more than one method
(b)To enhance the credibility of qualitative findings
(c)To ensure interview and observational data were collected
(d) To enhance the validity of randomised controlled trials
(a) To collect data using more than one method ???
7)A dependent variable is?
(a) A variable that is contingent on that of another
(b) A variable that is not dependent on that of another
(c) A variable that determines the cause
(d) A variable that predicts an outcome
(a) A variable that is contingent on that of another
8)What is the correct order for the hierarchy of evidence from lowest to highest evidence?
(a) Opinions, Case Studies, Observational Studies, Systematic Reviews Randomised Controlled Trials.
(b) Opinions, Case Studies, Observational Studies, Randomised Controlled Trials, Systematic reviews.
(c) Opinions, Observational Studies, Case Studies, Randomised Controlled Trials, Systematic reviews.
(d) Observational Studies, Case Studies, Interviews, Systematic Reviews, Randomised Controlled Trials.
(b) Opinions, Case Studies, Observational Studies, Randomised Controlled Trials, Systematic reviews.
9) What is NOTa data collection method in qualitative research?
(a) Interviews
(b) Focus groups
(c) Video observation
(d) Likert scale
(d) Likert scale
10) A patient asks if probiotics will help their irritable bowel syndrome.Which set of resources would be the best to search toidentify the highest level ofresearch evidence.(a)AMED,CochraneLibrary,CINAHL,MEDLINE,NICE,JBI database
(b)PRIMO,Cochrane Library,InterNurse,Google,PubMed,TRIP
(c)PRIMO,GoogleScholar,Science Direct,NICE,JBI database,TRIP
(d)CINAHL,JBIdatabase,Cochrane Library,NICE,MEDLINE,Google
(a)AMED,CochraneLibrary,CINAHL,MEDLINE,NICE,JBI database
12)Youaresearchingforrecentevidencethatbriefinterventionsbymobilephoneareeffectiveinreducingalcoholconsumptioninteenagers.Which search limits would help identify the highest level of research evidence?(a)BriefIntervention Teenagers 2013-2018 Reviews
(b) Peer Reviewed Adolescents 13-18 years 2014-2019 RCT’s
(c)Full-textAdolescent:13-16years1999-2019Research
(d)Peer-reviewedYoungpeople2014-2019Research
(b) Peer Reviewed Adolescents 13-18 years 2014-2019 RCT’s
13)It is sometimes considered that critical appraisal is about finding fault with research.What is the main purpose of appraising research evidence?
(a) To determine the clinical significance of results presented
(b)To determine the reliability, validity and applicability of research studies
(c)To determine the statistical significance of results presented
(d)To ensure there is no conflict of interest in how the study was undertaken
(b)To determine the reliability, validity and applicability of research studies
14) How best could reflexivity be described in the context of qualitative research?
(a) The ability of the researcher to reflect objectively on the data
(b)Recognition of the influence a researcher brings to the research process
(c) The bias associated with the relationship between the participant and researcher
(d)The process of reflecting on the research process
(b)Recognition of the influence a researcher brings to the research process
16) What does PICOT stand for
(a) Population, Incidence, Comparison, Outcome, Time
(b) People, Intervention, Compare, Output, Time
(c) Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time
(d) Personnel, Intervention, completion, Outcome, Time
(c) Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Time
17)Which of these is NOT a data collection tool in quantitative research data collection?
(a) Experiments
(b) Clinical Trials
(c) Focus groups
(d) Surveys
(c) Focus groups
18) Which one of these is NOTused in descriptive statistics?
(a) Median
(b) Standard Deviation
(c) ANOVA
(d)Mode
(c) ANOVA
19) External validity in quantitative research means?
(a) The absolute truth of conclusions
(b)Relevant only in studies considering casual relationships (and is study specific)
(c) Approximate truth of conclusions that include generalisations
(d) Approximate truth of conclusions
(c) Approximate truth of conclusions that include generalisations
20)Qualitative research is NOT considered to be one of the following:
(a) Interpretivist
(b)Positivist
(c) Inductive
(d) Subjective
(b)Positivist
21) What best describes the importance of including confidence intervals with research results?
(a) They indicate potential clinical significance when results are not statistically significant
(b) They indicate the p-value
(c) They indicate whether the sample is large enough
(d) They tell you if data is missing from the sample
(a) They indicate potential clinical significance when results are not statistically significant
22) The Boolean operator “AND”
(a) Gets more results
(b) Finds fewer results
(c) Excludes results
(d) Adds to results
(b) Finds fewer results
23) SPIDER means
(a) Sample, Phenomenon of interest, Design, Evaluation, Research
(b) Sample, Phenomenon of incidence, Development, Evaluation, Ready
(c) Simple, Phenomenon of interest, Development, Evaluation, Research
(d) Similar, Phenomenon of interest, Design, Evaluating, Research
(a) Sample, Phenomenon of interest, Design, Evaluation, Research
- In grounded theory the focus of the research is to?
(a) Look at culture or context
(b)Develop a theory from the field data
(c) Study people that experience the phenomenon
(d)Focus on an individual or an event
(b)Develop theory from the field data
- Which one of these is not a form of quantitative research bias?(a) Sponsor
(b) Culture
(c) Question order
(d) Researcher bias
(c) Question order
- What does apvalueof less than 0.05 indicate we should do with our null hypothesis?
(a) Run all the tests again
(b) When the Probability of obtaining the study results is looked at
(c) When a p value this small is obtained we would reject the null hypothesis.
(d) When the Probability of obtaining the study results is not looked at
(c) When a p value this small is obtained we would reject the null hypothesis.
27)Which one of these is the best sampling method in quantitative research?
(a) Convenience sampling
(b) Theoretical sampling
(c) Random stratified sampling
(d) Judgement sampling
(c) Random stratified sampling
28)The Boolean operator “NOT”
(a) Gets more results
(b) Finds fewer results
(c) Excludes results
(d) Adds to results
(c) Excludes results
29) The width of a confidence interval……..
(a) Increases as the size of the sample decreases
(b) Decreases as the sample size increases
(c) Increases as the size of the sample increases
(d) Decreases as the sample size decreases
a or b
30) What does phrase searching help to do?
(a) Widen the search and increase hits
(b) Focuses the search and gets more hits
(c) Helps to focus the search and have no set limits
(d) Helps to focus the search and set limits
(d) Helps to focus the search and set limits
