2 - The Social Self

Question 1

How do individualist cultures view self?

Answer 1

Independent, stable view of self

Question 2

How do collectivist cultures view self

Answer 2

Interdependent, changing

Question 3

Individualistic in-group interaction

Answer 3

Some influence on self

Question 4

Collectivist in-group

Answer 4

Includes acquaintances, firm in-group

Question 5

Self monitoring

Answer 5

Shape behaviour in response to self-presentation concerns in situation

Question 6

Self-regulation

Answer 6

Control thought/feelings/behaviours to achieve personal or social goals

Question 7

Self-presentation

Answer 7

Strategies used to shape what others think of them

Question 8

Why do collectivists score low on Rosenburg’s self esteem scale?

Answer 8

All questions are based on independent views of self

Question 9

Why do people engage in cognitive biases?

Answer 9

Enhance/maintain SE

Question 10

3 aspects of self-serving cognitive biases

Answer 10

Attentional, encoding, recall

Question 11

How do self-serving cog biases help cope with failures?

Answer 11

Self-enhancement of good, discounting of bad

Question 12

Unrealistic positive self views are the result of

Answer 12

Positives being encoded more than negatives

Question 13

Just world hypothesis

Answer 13

Good things happen to good people & vice versa

Question 14

Self serving attributional bias

Answer 14

Internal attribution for success, external for failure

Question 15

Downward social comparison

Answer 15

Doing better than someone

Question 16

Upward social comparison

Answer 16

Someone better than you

Question 17

Basking in reflected glory

Answer 17

Associating with winners

Question 18

According to tesser’s SE model, when will you bask in reflected glory?

Answer 18

• when close relationship & low relevance to self
  -distant relationship & high relevance to self

Question 19

According to tesser’s SE model, when will you use upward social comparison?

Answer 19

Close relationship and high relevance to self

Question 20

Self-handicapping

Answer 20

Sabotage own performance to provide excuse for failure

Question 21

Over-justification effect

Answer 21

Intrinsic motivation diminishes for activities that have become associated with reward/extrinsic factors

Question 22

Social comparison theory

Answer 22

People evaluate own abilities/opinions by comparing self to others

Question 23

Self-perception theory

Answer 23

Internal cues hard to interpret -> gain self insight by observing own behaviour

Question 24

Self-concept theory

Answer 24

Sum of total individual’s beliefs about own personal attitudes

Question 25

Self schema

Answer 25

Belief people hold about themselves that guide processing of self-relevent information

Question 26

What 2 aspects are emotions based on according to two-factor emotion theory

Answer 26

• Physiological arousal
• Cog interpretation of arousal

Question 27

Terror management theory

Answer 27

Humans cope with fear of death by constructing worldviews that help preserve self-esteem

Question 28

Private self consciousness

Answer 28

Characteristic of introspective individuals

Question 29

Public self-consciousness

Answer 29

View themselves as social objects