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PSY 4210 > 2-psysocstud > Flashcards

2-psysocstud Flashcards

1
Q

Karen Horney thoughts…

A

implicitly assumes innate need for connectedness (love), safety (security), and autonomy (ability to spontaneously express self and control outcomes)

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2
Q

basic hostility

A

angered feelings not expressed

comes from parents being imperfect and kids reacting to that

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3
Q

angered feelings not expressed

A

basic hostility

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4
Q

basic anxiety

A

feeling of being abandoned, isolated and helpless in a hostile world

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5
Q

feeling of being abandoned, isolated and helpless in a hostile world

A

basic anxiety

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6
Q

For Horney, basic anxiety is _______ and ________

A

constant, unrelenting

needs no external stimulus for activation

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7
Q

repression of ________ ________ leads to _________ _______ _______.

A

excessive hostility, excessive basic anxiety

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8
Q

neurotic needs

A

strategies employed to combat basic anxiety

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9
Q

strategies employed to combat basic anxiety

A

neurotic needs

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10
Q

affection and approval

A

neurotic need

wish to pleas others. Extremely sensitive to rejection and unfriendliness

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11
Q

wish to pleas others. Extremely sensitive to rejection and unfriendliness

A

affection and approval

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12
Q

dominant life partner

A

neurotic need

need for someone to take over one’s life and fear of being left by this person

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13
Q

need for someone to take over one’s life and fear of being left by this person

A

dominant life partner

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14
Q

prestige

A

neurotic need

base self-evaluation on public recognition

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15
Q

base self-evaluation on public recognition

A

prestige

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16
Q

independence

A

neurotic need

prove you can get along fine without others

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17
Q

prove you can get along fine without others

A

independence

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18
Q

exploitation

A

neurotic need

value others on basis of what they can “do for you”

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19
Q

value others on basis of what they can “do for you”

A

exploitation

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20
Q

Three basic anxiety-management strategies embodied in needs:

A

moving toward, away from, and against

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21
Q

dysfunctional three basic anxiety-management strategies

A

moving toward: compulsive compliance

moving away from: compulsive withdrawal

moving against: compulsive aggression

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22
Q

healthy expression of needs for three basic anxiety-management strategies

A

toward: spontaneous seeking
against: spontaneous competitiveness

away from: spontaneous autonomy

23
Q

rejection sensitivity (RS)

A

anxious expectations of rejection in situations that afford the possibility of rejection by significant others

Downey

24
Q

anxious expectations of rejection in situations that afford the possibility of rejection by significant others

A

rejection sensitivity (RS)

Downey

25
Downey et al (1998)
RS women became angry and insulting during conflict with partner, making partner mad, made them consider leaving relationship self-fulfilling prophesy: expected to be rejected, got rejected similar to border-line personality disorder compulsive aggression
26
RS women became angry and insulting during conflict with partner, making partner mad, made them consider leaving relationship
Downey et al (1998) compulsive aggression
27
Romero-Canyas et al (2010)
``` three studies RS M (2 studies) and RS W (1 study) who were harshly rejected subsequently treated their rejecters in an ingratiating manner, despite hostile feelings towards them ``` compulsive compliance
28
``` three studies RS M (2 studies) and RS W (1 study) who were harshly rejected subsequently treated their rejecters in an ingratiating manner, despite hostile feelings towards them ```
Romero-Canyas et al (2010) compulsive compliance
29
London et al (2012)
female law students with high gender rejection sensitivity detected that often and engaged in self-silencing, feelings of alienation, less motivated about their law studies compulsive withdrawal
30
female law students with high gender rejection sensitivity detected that often and engaged in self-silencing, feelings of alienation, less motivated about their law studies
London et al (2012) compulsive withdrawal
31
Kross et al (2007)
measured different reactions to acceptance vs rejection paintings among High Rejections Sensitive (HRS) and Low Rejection Sensitive (LRS) found: all Ss activation in amygdala, insula, and dACC viewing rejection HOWEVER, LRS Ss heightened lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC associated with top-down emotional regulation) activation in response to these paintings
32
Olsson et al (2013)
shocks administered to HRS and LRS wrists while looking angry faces, neutral faces, and geometric figures extinction trial HRS failed to extinguish fear responses to the angry faces
33
Ian McGregor (2005)
Tested Horney’s idea that defensively proud people respond to threat by “moving against”others with “arrogant righteousness.” findings: after self-esteem threat, defensively high self-esteem, avoidant, and narcissists defensively claim most people agreed with them (e.g. "Yeah, I may have received a low score on this test, but who cares? I'm right because everyone agrees with me!")
34
Tested Horney’s idea that defensively proudpeople respond to threat by “moving against”others with “arrogant righteousness.”
Ian McGregor (2005)
35
Defensive Pride operationalized 3 Ways:
1. Defensive high self-esteem (high explicit, low-implicit) 2. Dismissive-avoidant attachment style 3. Narcissism
36
Object Relations (OR) Theories, four of them
1. In any relationship, the flip side of satisfaction is frustration 2. Those whom we love the most are those towards whom we occasionally feel the most intense feelings of hatred 3. The parts of the object ain't the same thing as the whole object 4. Our contradictory feelings toward important objects are both unconsciously recognized and a source of psychological discomfort
37
Three basic narcissistic (self) needs
Heinz Kohlt 1. to be mirror: be recognized, approved of, and admired 2. to idealize: idealize and identify with more capable others 3. twinship: belong to groups composed of similar others
38
For Kohut, optimal mirroring, idealization, and twinship require __________
frustration
39
The recently developed Pathological narcissism Inventory appears to be a construct valid measure of both _________ and _________ narcissism
grandiose, vulnerable
40
Margaret Mahler's Contributions: Separation-Individuation
kid starts out in undifferentiated psychic, "symbiosis" with mom. Kid begins to differentiate "self" from Mom
41
kid starts out in undifferentiated psychic, "symbiosis" with mom. Kid begins to differentiate "self" from Mom
Margaret Mahler's Contributions: Separation-Individuation
42
Margaret Mahler's Contributions: Separation Anxiety
problems in separation-individuation process lead to intense separation anxiety and desire to reunite with mom
43
problems in separation-individuation process lead to intense separation anxiety and desire to reunite with mom
Margaret Mahler's Contributions: Separation Anxiety
44
Margaret Mahler's Contributions: internalized object relation
as kid develops, internalizes representation of mom, it's used to model other relationships
45
as kid develops, internalizes representation of mom, it's used to model other relationships
Margaret Mahler's Contributions: internalized object relation
46
two themes of John Bowlby's attachment theory
1. Responsive Moms create safe haven and secure base for kid 2. Kid develops internal working model of relationships based on relationships with mom. Internal working model is used to model other relationships
47
Bowly: kids develop two important attitudes in interactions with Mom
1. Self-Esteem (Self Model): learn either that they're valued and loved or valueless and unloved 2. Interpersonal Trust (Other Model): learn either that others are trustworthy and dependable or untrustworthy and undependable
48
Griffin and Bartholomew's 2 x 2 Attachment Typology
(positive vs negative self esteem; positive vs negative interpersonal trust) Positive Self - Positive Other: Secure Positive Self- Negative Other: Dismissive avoidant (sees oneself as exceptional and dismisses relationships) Negative Self - Positive Other: Preoccupied (distress about rejection) Negative Self - Negative Other: Fearful avoidant (negative interpersonal relationships, jealousy, alcohol to reduce social anxiety
49
Birgegard and Granqvist (2004)
among Christian believers, secure attachments related to thoughts of God in response to subliminal separation primes
50
among Christian believers, secure attachments related to thoughts of God in response to subliminal separation primes
Birgegard and Granqvist (2004)
51
Granqvist and Kirkpatrick (2008)
anxiously attached tended to consciously use God as surrogate figure in the wake of romantic breakup
52
anxiously attached tended to consciously use God as surrogate figure in the wake of romantic breakup
Granqvist and Kirkpatrick (2008)
53
Granqvist et al (2012)
Study 1) anxiety predicted anxious God attachment; avoidance predicted avoidant God attachment. Anxious and Avoidant attachments related to "less loving God" Study 2) mild and severe primes preferentially facilitated "God" words. Avoidance related to God-related word inhibition following both mild and severe distress primes - Avoidants deactivated God in response to unconscious distress Study 3) subliminal "god" primes preferentially facilitated identification of positive, secure-base words but not negative words

PSY 4210 (22 decks)

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