2 - Nutrition Flashcards
Whey-to-casein ratio in mature human milk
3:2
Vitamins and minerals deficient in breast milk
Iron
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Contraindications to breastfeeding
• Galactosemia
• Septicemia
• Active TB
• Breast cancer
• Malaria
• Substance abuse
• Severe neurosis or
psychosis
• HIV
Mineral deficiency presenting as vesicullobullous, eczematous, dry scaly or psoriaform lesions; symmetric peioral, sacral, and perianal areas ; reduced immune response; hypogonadal dwarfism
Zinc
Vitamin deficiency presenting as diarrhea, dementia, and dermatitis
(edema, erythema, burning of sun exposed skin on the face, neck,
hands; butterfly distribution around the neck)
Niacin
Vitamin deficiency presenting as alopecia with neurological symptoms
Biotin
Vitamin deficiency presenting as follicular hyperkeratosis, xerosis, night blindness
Vitamin A
Vitamin deficiency presenting as follicular hyperkeratosis, perifollicular erythema and hemorrhage, bleeding and swollen gums
Vitamin C
Rachitic rosary
Rickets
Scorbutic rosary
Scurvy
Vitamin and mineral in breast milk affected by maternal status
Vitamin D
Iodine
Stores are adequate for 6 months; contents in breast milk NOT affected by maternal status
Iron
Zinc
Vitamin toxicity presenting as hyperostosis and absence of metaphyseal changes
Vitamin A
Most seriously compromised immunologic function in malnutrition
Antibody production
Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) wasting
11.5-12.5cm
