10 - Pediatric Pulmonology Flashcards
Most common etiology of LTB
Parainfluenza
Steeple sign
Laryngotracheobronchitis
Thumbprint/leaf sign
Acute epiglottitis
Ragged air column
Bacterial tracheitis
Most common etiology of acute epiglottitis especially if unvaccinated
H. influenza type B
Most common organisms associated with sinusitis
S. pneumoniae
Non-typable H. influenzae
M. catarrhalis
Most common etiology of bronchiolitis
RSV
4 things to check about asthma control
• Daytime symptoms more than twice a week
• Night waking
• Need for reliever more than twice a week
• Activity limitation
Preferred reliever for adolescents with asthma
ICS-formoterol
Most common cause of stridor in infants and children
Laryngomalacia
Etiology of pneumonia in neonates
• GBS
• E.coli
• L. monocytogenes
• S. pneumoniae
• H. influenzae
Etiology of pneumonia in 3wk- 3mos old
RSV and other respiratory viruses
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
Etiology of pneumonia in 4mos-4yrs old
• RSV and other respiratory viruses
• S. pneumoniae
• H. influenzae
• M. pneumoniae
Etiology of pneumonia in 5 years old and older
• M. pneumonia
• S. pneumoniae
• C. pneumonia
• H. influenzae
• Influenza
• Adenovirus
• L. pneumophila
Differentiates PCAP-B from PCAP-A
Malnutrition
Comorbid conditions
Respiratory signs present in PCAP-D but not in PCAP-C
Cyanosis
Grunting
Apnea
Most common cause of pneumonia in children worldwide
Viruses
Stage where a child with pertussis is most infectious
Catarrhal
Drug of choice for pertussis
Macrolide
Staccato cough
Chlamydia
Brassy cough
Staphylococcus
Barking “seal”
Parainfluenza
Whooping cough
Bordetella
TST (+) cut-off in the Philippines
10mm
TST (+) if ≥5mm in children with
• History of close contact with known or suspected TB case
• Clinical findings suggestive of TB
• CXR findings suggestive of TB
• Immunocompromised condition
T or F: TST is preferred over IGRA in children <5 years old
T
Asymmetric tonsillar bulge with a displaced uvula
Peritonsillar abscess
