13 - Pediatric Infectious Disease Flashcards
Most common cause of viral conjunctivitis and pharyngoconjunctival fever
Adenovirus
Most common etiology of acute otitis media in children
• S. pneumoniae (mc)
• H. influenzae type b
• M. catarrhalis
Eradicates nasopharyngeal carriage in diphtheria
Erythromycin
Reiter’s syndrome triad
• Conjunctivitis
• Urethritis
• Arthritis
Common etiology of osteomyelitis in patients with sickle cell disease
Salmonella choleraesuis or enterica
Koplik spots
Measles
Forchheimer spots
Rubella
Nagayama spots
Roseola
Pathognomonic pathologic finding for measles
Warthin-Finkeldey giant cells
Most common complication in measles
Acute otitis media
Most common cause of morbidity in measles
Pneumonia
Period of communicability of measles
4 days before and 4 days after onset of rash
Period of communicability of rubella
7 days before and 7 days after rash
Period of communicability of varicella
1-2 days before rash, 7 days after rash and all lesions have crusted
Period of communicability of erythema infectiosum
Before onset of rash until after onset of rash
Period of communicability of mumps
1-2 days before onset of parotid swelling until 5 days after the onset of swelling
Most frequent complication of mumps
Meningoencephalitis
T or F: Infertility is a common complication in patients with mumps
F
Dengue warning signs
• Abdominal pain/tenderness
• Persistent vomiting
• Clinical fluid accumulation
• Mucosal bleeding
• Lethargy, restlessness
• Liver enlargement >2cms
• Decreased or no urine within 6 hrs
• Increase in Hct with decrease in platelet
Severe dengue
Severe plasma leakage
Severe bleeding
Severe organ involvement
Timing of viral diagnostic testing in infants born to HIV- infected mothers
Within the first 2 days of life
At 1-2 months old
At 4-6 months old
Timing of CD4+ and CD8+ testing in infants born to HIV- infected mothers
1 and 3 months old
Repeated q3 months starting at 6 months of age
Best single prognostic indicator in children with HIV
Plasma viral load
Most important consequence of rubella
Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Single most common finding in congenital rubella syndrome
Nerve deafness
Most consistent finding associated primary HHV-6B infection
Fever
Most common complication of roseola
Convulsions
Different stages of lesions
Varicella
Most frequent complication of zoster infection
Post-herpetic neuralgia
Sandpaper/goose pimple-like rash Pastia’s lines
Scarlet fever
Presents with cicatricial skin scaring, limb hypoplasia, neurologic, renal, and ANS abnormalities
Congenital Varicella
Infectious mononucleosis triad
Sore throat or exudative pharyngitis
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Splenomegaly
Most common cause of mortality in diphtheria
Toxic cardiomyopathy
Complications of diphtheria
Toxic cardiomyopathy
Toxic neuropathy
Usual cause of death in neonatal tetanus
Bronchopneumonia or pulmonary hemorrhage
Most common presenting symptom of generalized tetanus
Trismus
Most common type of polio
Inapparent
Most common complication of influenza infection
Otitis media
Pneumonia
Pathognomonic clinical feature of dengue
Herman’s rash
