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Micro RNA > 2. mumps > Flashcards

2. mumps Flashcards

1
Q

What is the causative agent of mumps?

A

Mumps is caused by a paramyxovirus.

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2
Q

What is the morphology and size of the mumps virus?

A

Paramyxovirus with HA and NA; size is 100–170 nm.

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3
Q

How many serotypes does the mumps virus have?

A

The mumps virus has a single serotype.

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4
Q

How is mumps transmitted?

A

Transmission occurs via respiratory droplets and contact with saliva or urine.

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5
Q

What is the incubation period of mumps?

A

The incubation period is approximately 18 days.

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6
Q

What is the primary site of mumps virus replication?

A

The virus initially replicates in the epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract.

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7
Q

How does the mumps virus spread systemically?

A

It spreads via viremia to other organs, including salivary glands, CNS, and gonads.

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8
Q

What immune response is critical in controlling mumps spread?

A

Cell-mediated immunity is crucial for limiting viral spread.

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9
Q

What is the classic symptom of mumps affecting the salivary glands?

A

Parotitis (inflammation of the parotid glands).

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10
Q

What percentage of mumps cases result in parotitis?

A

Parotitis occurs in ~50% of cases.

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11
Q

Is parotitis in mumps usually unilateral or bilateral?

A

Parotitis in mumps is usually bilateral.

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12
Q

What is the CNS complication associated with mumps?

A

Meningoencephalitis is a CNS complication of mumps.

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13
Q

What percentage of mumps cases involve CNS complications?

A

CNS complications occur in ~15% of cases.

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14
Q

How does mumps affect the pancreas, and what disease is it linked to?

A

It can cause pancreatitis, which is linked to diabetes mellitus.

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15
Q

What renal findings are associated with mumps?

A

Proteinuria, hematuria, and viruria are renal findings in mumps.

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16
Q

For how long can the mumps virus be detected in the urine after symptoms appear?

A

The virus can be detected in the urine for up to 14 days after symptom onset.

17
Q

What are the gonadal complications of mumps in males?

A

Orchitis and epididymitis.

18
Q

What is the potential outcome of mumps orchitis?

A

Mumps orchitis can lead to sterility or infertility, often unilateral.

19
Q

What respiratory complication is associated with mumps?

A

Bronchopneumonia is a respiratory complication of mumps.

20
Q

What percentage of mumps cases are subclinical?

A

Approximately one-third of mumps cases are subclinical.

21
Q

Why is mumps difficult to control in terms of transmission?

A

Transmission is difficult to control due to asymptomatic cases, saliva shedding, and variable incubation.

22
Q

What are the cytopathic effects (CPE) observed in mumps culture?

A

CPE includes cell rounding, syncytial formation, and giant cell formation.

23
Q

What types of specimens are used for mumps diagnosis?

A

Respiratory secretions, saliva, and urine are used for diagnosis.

24
Q

What laboratory tests are used to confirm mumps infection?

A

ELISA, PCR, immunofluorescence, and culture using monkey kidney cells.

25
Q

What is the significance of a 4-fold rise in IgM in mumps serology?

A

A 4-fold rise in IgM indicates active mumps infection.

26
Q

What histological findings are typical in mumps infection?

A

Histological findings include cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusion bodies.

27
Q

What is the treatment approach for mumps?

A

Treatment is supportive; no antiviral drugs are available.

28
Q

What are the components and strain of the MMR vaccine for mumps?

A

MMR contains a live attenuated mumps vaccine using the Jerly Lynn strain.

29
Q

What is the vaccination schedule for MMR?

A

The MMR schedule is 18 months and 6 years.

30
Q

What is the role of cell-mediated immunity in mumps?

A

It prevents cell-to-cell spread of the virus.

31
Q

What factors make mumps highly contagious?

A

A long incubation period and asymptomatic carriers make it highly contagious.

32
Q

What is the role of the Jerly Lynn strain in mumps prevention?

A

It is the live attenuated strain used in the MMR vaccine.

Micro RNA (12 decks)

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