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Dermatology > 2: History and Physical - Mahoney > Flashcards

2: History and Physical - Mahoney Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

four general characteristics of skin lesions

A 
TADS
type
arrangement
distribution
shape
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2
Q

define primary lesion vs secondary lesion

A

Primary lesion: physical changes in the skin caused directly by the disease process-types of primary lesions are rarely associated with a single disease entity

Secondary lesions: may arise from primary lesions or from external causes

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3
Q

define macule

A

flat, colored lesion

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4
Q

freckle

A

macule

other examples: freckle, flat mole, rashes of rickettsial infections, measles, allergic drug eruptions, vitiligo (white), talon noir (black), café-au-lait (brown), hemosiderin, purpura

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5
Q

define patch

A

large, > 0.5 cm flat lesion with a color different from the surrounding skin (i.e., large macule)

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6
Q

port-wine stain

A

patch

Examples: port-wine stain, tattoo (not the art kind), infections, drug eruptions

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7
Q

define papule

A

solid lesion,

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8
Q

wart

A

papule

other examples: wart, nevi, drug eruption, insect bite

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9
Q

define nodule

A

solid, firm lesion 0.5 to 1.0 cm in diameter raised above the surface of the skin (i.e., large papule)

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10
Q

lipoma

A

nodule

other examples: lipoma, fibroma, keratinous cyst, erythema nodosum, neoplasm

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11
Q

define tumor

A

solid, firm lesion > 1 cm above the surface of the skin

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12
Q

define plaque

A

flat-topped raised lesion > 1 cm with distinct edges (psoriasis) or gradually blend with surrounding skin (eczema)-coalescence of papules

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13
Q

define vesicle

A

fluid-filled lesion,

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14
Q

tinea pedis

A

vesicle

other Example: acute tinea, allergic contact dermatitis

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15
Q

turbid

A
  • presence of neutrophil, not signify inection
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16
Q

define bulla

A

fluid-filled raised, translucent lesion > 0.5 cm

ex: friction blister, bullous pemphigoid, bullosis diabeticorum

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17
Q 
name example...
bullous pemphigoid
impetigo
friction blister
contact derm and acuter T. pedis
A

subepidermal-bullous pemphigoid subcorneal-impetigo

subgranular cell layer-friction blister

spongiotic-contact derm and acute T. pedis (intercellular edema in epidermis)

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18
Q

Colleges Like Good Stron Beer

A

layers of skin vessels

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19
Q

define pustule

A

a vesicle filled with leukocytes or pus

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20
Q

pimple

A

pustule

21
Q

define abscess

A

pus-filled lesion > 0.5 cm (large vesicle)-usually indicates infection

ex: paronychia

22
Q

define cyst and how it is formed

A

raised, encapsulated lesion

    • Originates from invagination of epidermis into dermis
    • Process continues until lesion detaches from epidermis and becomes completely lined by epidermis
23
Q

define wheal

A

raised, erythematous papule or plaque, usually representing short-lived dermal edema

24
Q

examples of wheal

A

allergic reaction to drugs, insect bites, sensitivity to cold, heat, pressure, sunlight

25
Q

define angioneurotic edema

A

larger localized area of edema

26
Q

define telangiectasia

A

TELANGIECTASIA: dilated, superficial blood vessel

27
Q

example of telagiectasia

A

scleroderma, long-term topical steroid therapy, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum

28
Q

long term effects of topical steroids

A
  • skin atrophy

- telangiectasia

29
Q

example verruca

A

papilloma [upward proliferation of dermal papillae}

30
Q

general term referring to extravasated blood

A

purpura

- can also be considered a macule

31
Q

area of massive bleeding into the skin and underlying tissues

A

hematoma

32
Q

small circumscribed punctate foci of extravasation

A

Petechia

  • ecchymosis is a larger confluent area of extravasation
33
Q

A lesion that is 7mm in diameter and is flat and non-palpable is called a

A

patch

34
Q

The bulla of tinea pedis is most often associated with

A

spongiotic blistering

35
Q

define lichenification

A

distinctive, thickening of skin characterized by accentuated skin-fold markings and feels thick and firm on palpation

secondary skin lesion

Example: lichen simplex chronicus

36
Q

dried exudate of body fluids that may be either yellow (serous) or red (hemorrhagic)

A

crust

ex: acute tinea pedis

37
Q

loss of epidermis without an associated loss of dermis

A

erosion

Example: pemphigus, herpes viruses

38
Q

loss of epidermis and at least a portion of the underlying dermis

A

ulcer

ex: diabetic neurotrophic ulcer

39
Q

loss of epidermis and at least a portion of the underlying dermis

A

excoriation

ex: venous stasis ulcer

40
Q

acquired loss of substance which may appear as a depression with intact epidermis or as a site of shiny, delicate, wrinkled lesions

A

atrophy

ex: topical steroid use, atrophie blanche

41
Q

white area within larger area of venous stasis

A

atrophie blanche

42
Q

what is a scar?

A

change secondary to trauma or inflammation-may be erythematous, hypopigmented, or hypertrophic

ex: keloid

43
Q

All of these are examples of a secondary skin lesion, EXCEPT

  • scar
  • nodule
  • ulcer
  • excoriation
  • atrophy
A

nodule

44
Q

linear arrangement

A

poison ivy or Koebner phenomenon (pts with psoriasis - draw on pt, form rxn)

45
Q

annular vs. iris/target

A

Annular: round or circular with central clearing (T. pedis)

Iris (target): bull’s eye lesion, annular with central internal activity zone (erythema multiforme)

46
Q

steven-johnson syndrome

A

early stages see target lesions

47
Q

serpiginous

A

meandering

ex: cutanea larva migrans

48
Q

cleavage plane

A

arranged along lines of tension

49
Q

children don’t get tinea, children more likely get …

A

eczema

ask for hx of allergy

Dermatology (24 decks)

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