2 f+g Flashcards
What is the purpose of respiration
To produce energy in the form of ATP from larger molecules (like sugars)
What type of reaction is respiration
Respiration is an exothermic reaction
When does aerobic respiration take place
When there is plenty of oxygen available
Symbol equation for aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O (+ energy)
Word equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
Uses of ATP
- contraction of muscle cells, producing movement
- active transport of molecules and ions
- building large molecules, such as proteins
- cell division
- to maintain a constant body temperature
Where does aerobic respiration happen
in the mitochondria
When does anaerobic respiration take place
When there is no oxygen available
What does anaerobic respiration in animals produce?
Lactic acid and energy
Difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic uses oxygen, whereas anaerobic doesn’t use oxygen
Describe the general structure of the lungs
- Trachea branches into two bronchi
- Bronchi branch into bronchioles
- Bronchioles terminate in alveoli
Describe the structure of an alveolus
- Small sacs with capillaries around them
What is the purpose of the pleural membrane
The pleural membrane covers the lungs, reduces friction and keeps the lungs moist
What are the intercostal muscles?
They are a group of muscles found between the ribs that are involved in breathing by changing the size of the thorax.
How do the diaphragh and intercostal muscles work together during expiration (breathing out)?
- Diaphragh relaxes and moves up
- External intercostal muscles relax
- Volume in the thorax decreases and pressure in the thorax increases
- Air is pushed out of the lungs
