2 EIV’s Consolidation of Authority through Domestic Policy 1471

Question 1

what did Sir John Paston do and how was he punished

Answer 1

failed to answer two royal summons to appear before Royal Council
when he did appear he was thrown in prison

Question 2

what did Sir John Howard do and how was he punished

Answer 2

failed to execute efficiently at the king’s command
thrown in jail

Question 3

what did Thomas Neville the Bastard of Fauconberg do and how was he punished

Answer 3

-tried to rebel in Kent to resist EIV the usurper and reform the government
-gained support from the pro Neville Governor of Calais
-rebellion failed and he was executed

Question 4

what did John de Vere EoOxford do and how was he punished

Answer 4

-tried to rebel / invade in Essex and Cornwall in 1473
-captured and imprisoned in Hammes Castle

Question 5

give three examples of pardoned lancastrians

Answer 5

John Morton, John Fortescue and Richard Tunstall

Question 6

what did George Neville, Archbishop of York do and how was he punished

Answer 6

-supported Warwick’s actions against EIV and supported EoOxford in 1472
-arrested for treason and fortune of £20,000 was seized

Question 7

what were the 7 obstacles EIV tried to overcome to establish his authority in his second reign

Answer 7

-restoration of law and order
-Wales
-controlling the nobility
-regional control
-marriages
-rebellions
-beauchamp inheritance

Question 8

give two examples of punishment that show EIV trying to restore law and order to establish his authority in the second reign

Answer 8

-punishing of Sir John Howard
-ruthlessly put down Thomas Neville, Bastard of Fauconbergs rebellion in Kent

Question 9

how did the punishing of Sir John Howard show EIV restoring law and order to establish his authority in the second reign

Answer 9

it promotes an image of a will informed king taking a personal interest in all law and order matters in the realm (since Howard failed to efficiently execute to the kings command )

Question 10

how did EIVS restoration of law and order have limited success

Answer 10

the rebellion still occurred due to Thomas Neville’s and the people’s discontent with the government

Question 11

how did EIV get the lancastrian strongholds in Wales to surrender

Answer 11

EIV used Parliament to issue Acts if Attainder against those who defied him
subsequently Pembroke and Tenby surrendered in 1471

Question 12

how did EIV shaving control of Wales in 1471 have limited success in consolidating the authority of his second reign

Answer 12

Lancastrians defied him in Wales and captured then executed the die hard Yorkist Roger Vaughan of Tretower

Question 13

what were EIV’s two main methods of controlling the nobility

Answer 13

-pardons/reconciliation
-livery and maintenance (illegal retaining)

Question 14

how did EIV control the nobility through pardons and reconciliation and give three examples of pardoned Lancastrians

Answer 14

Lancastrians who submitted were pardoned and the possibility of future rewards if they remained loyal
eg John Morton, John Fortescue, Richard Tunstall

Question 15

how did EIV control the nobility who were dangerous lancastrians

Answer 15

-dangerous Lancastrians eg Jasper Tudor EoPembroke and John de Vere EoOxford were persecuted and exiled

Question 16

how was illegal retaining a failure of EIV controlling the nobility and explain why it was a failure

Answer 16

-made illegal in 1468 but a lack of enforcement so it was an ongoing issue
-potentially so EIV could keep ability to raise army and keep local people in check

Question 17

what were the four main events of the Oxford rebellion

Answer 17

-1472 Oxford made raids in the marches if Calais with support if George Neville Archbishop of York
-May 1473 Oxford attempted to land in Essex but EoEssex and Lord Dunham prevented this
-Sep 1473 landed in Cornwall where Henry Bodrugen joined him and gave him 6 months worth of supplies instead of fighting him
-Dec 1473 John Fortescue (pardoned Lancastrian) Sheriff of Cornwall fought and negotiated terms for deserters

Question 18

when did EoOxford surrender and get arrested

Answer 18

15th Feb 1474

Question 19

what did EoOxford do in Calais and when

Answer 19

1472; made raids on the marches of Calais

Question 20

what did EoOxford do in May 1473

Answer 20

attempted to land in Essex but EoEssex and Lord Dunham prevented this so he caused trouble for ships in the Channel instead

Question 21

what did EoOxford do in Sep 1473

Answer 21

-landed in Cornwall and Sir Henry Bodrugen called to deal with him but instead joined him and gave him 6 months of supplies

Question 22

what did EoOxford do in Dec 1473

Answer 22

-pardoned Lancastrian John Fortescue Sheriff of Cornwall fought him and negotiated terms with those who deserted Oxford

Question 23

how did EIV establish regional control (2)

Answer 23

gave only his family and trusted ppl land
prevented overmighty nobles by giving out small and separated regions

Question 24

what regions did DoClarence have control over

Answer 24

Midlands and Ireland

Question 25

what regions did DoGloucester have control over

Answer 25

Northumbria and County Durham

Question 26

what regions did Norfolk and Suffolk have control over

Answer 26

East Anglia

Question 27

what regions did DoStanley have control over

Answer 27

Lancashire and Cheshire

Question 28

what regions did Earl Rivers and the Council have control over

Answer 28

Wales

Question 29

what regions did Lord Dynham and Thomas Grey have control over

Answer 29

South West England

Question 30

how did EIV’s regional control have limited success

Answer 30

-nobles angered by him choosing family over them eg Buckingham left out and Herbert was demoted from EoPembroke to EoHuntingdon

Question 31

what was Herbert demoted from

Answer 31

EoPembroke to EoHuntingdon

Question 32

who of EIV’s children married Anne Mowbray and what was the controversy over it

Answer 32

-Richard DoYork, of Shrewsbury
-controversy over Anne being the sole heir of DoNorfolk and EIV changing the law of inheritance so his son would inherit the land and titles not Anne

Question 33

who were Elizabeth of York and Cecily of York contracted to marry and did they happen

Answer 33

(E) the Dauphin of France and (C) James III of Scotland but none of them happened

Question 34

how did EIV’s arranged marriages effectively establish his authority

Answer 34

showed foreign powers were willing to accept EIV as king and ally with him

Question 35

give two limitations if EIV’s arranged marriages not establishing his authority

Answer 35

-four marriages never happened bc of EIV death
-stole Anne Mowbrays inheritance caused controversy

Question 36

why was DoClarence upset that DoGloucester wanted to marry Anne Neville

Answer 36

-DoClarence was in line to get Warwick and Anne Beauchamps inheritance since Warwicks land was attaindered and he was married to Isobel Neville, if Anne died he would get Warwick’s land but if Gloucester married Anne he would get less

Question 37

how did Clarence try to prevent the marriage of Gloucester and Anne Neville and how did Gloucester retaliate

Answer 37

-hid Anne, as a kitchen maid?, bc she was his ward
-Gloucester kidnapped Anne and married her at St Martins

Question 38

when and how did EIV respond to his brothers fighting over the Beauchamp inheritance

Answer 38

1472; EIV summoned brothers to Royal Council

Question 39

what happened at the Royal Council in 1472 in regards to the Beauchamp inheritance

Answer 39

Clarence granted the rest of Warwick’s land and made EoDevon, EoWarwick and EoSalisbury to appease him

Question 40

how was the Beauchamp inheritance settled in Parliament and when

Answer 40

1474; Anne Beauchamp declared dead so land could be divided between the daughters and their husbands

Question 41

how did Gloucester settle the Beauchamp inheritance

Answer 41

he renounced most of Warwick’s land (property and Earldoms of Warwick’s and Salisburys) and surrendered the Great Chamberlain of England to Clarence but he still was not completely satisfied

Question 42

how does the Beauchamp inheritance show EIV’s limitations when consolidating authority

Answer 42

-conflict resolved but Clarence gets what he wants because Richard allowed him to
-it was also ongoing for years, he should have been more decisive

Question 43

when is Clarence executed

Answer 43

1478